Monopoly of 'Tamara' in civil service

In this way, during the administration of state power, according to the caste system, it was customary to give jobs only to people of the so-called upper castes, including Brahmins, Chhetri and Newars. If we look back at history, only certain people and communities were included in the employment opportunities provided by the state government. Even though Nepal has been transformed into a democratic system, the civil service is still dominated by Khas-Arya men. This is an established fact.

There has been a long history of movement with the demand for inclusion in the state to end the dominance of a single caste in the state power and establish an inclusive democracy. Due to the struggle of women, oppressed castes, marginalized communities and political/social forces that want to transform society, Nepal has theoretically transformed into an inclusive democratic system. Even constitutionally, Nepal has adopted the principle of proportional inclusion.

Therefore, the state cannot become inclusive by restructuring only in the political sector, therefore, the diversity of the state should be reflected in the structure of the civil service, security, police, justice administration, etc. yes This is not a right given by any group, it is a system brought by the struggle of marginalized communities including women, dalits, tribals.

For the past few years, there has been a debate on the pros and cons of reservation in Nepal. Naturally, there should be intensive debate and discussion on this matter so that the interested common people know that reservation is given because of necessity. Along with this, everyone should be informed about the positive and negative aspects of reservation. In fact, reservation is not a political program for the liberation of women and oppressed communities. In fact, it is only a method by which the state systematically incorporates the discriminated and excluded communities into the running of the state and makes the character of the state inclusive.

In the past, the state adopted a casteist and discriminatory system of allowing only Khas-Aryas to read and write, run the state administration and get opportunities from the state, that was unjust. Due to such discriminatory system, the community that has been forced to be excluded is the system of getting representation in the administration of the state as a compensation for the discrimination that happened in the past.

In order to play an effective role from the formulation of policy to the level of implementation, it is necessary to represent the diversity of the society in those positions, so reservation in civil service is necessary. Theoretically speaking, in the past, the state excluded a large number of oppressed communities by giving opportunities only to certain castes, so the basis on which the discrimination and exclusion was done, is compensation reservation. In Nepal, the concept that reservation should be given on the basis of gender identity and caste has been adopted.

The people's movement of 2062/63 created pressure to make the state inclusive. Because women, Dalits, tribal tribes, Madheshi, Muslims, Tharu, etc. contribute to state building, strengthen the state's finances by paying taxes, but only certain groups get employment opportunities from people's taxes. On the other hand, civil administration plays a very effective role in the formulation and implementation of state policies. It is said that the policy of solving the problems of all the oppressed communities cannot be created by the civil administration dominated by a single caste, so the civil service should be inclusive.

In addition, inclusiveness in civil service has become mandatory for the establishment of inclusive democracy. For this reason, the practice of inclusion has been started in Nepal since 2064. What should be clear here is that reservation is a system of compensation given by the state to historically discriminated and excluded genders, castes and communities, it is their basic right to be included in the state.

The demand that the oppressed community should get effective representation in the civil service is not made with any caste, it is a claim made with the state. Reservation is not a question of cutting down the rights of a community and taking it away because the state arranges it, and reservation is not a poverty alleviation program given on a class basis, it is the right of the oppressed community to participate in the policy making of the state and the inclusive development of the state.

Reservation and 'Tarmara class'

In Nepal, the Tarmara class has been benefiting from reservation for some years and there is a debate going on that reservation should not be given to this class. In 2078, when Vinay Kumar Panjiar ruled on the petition filed in the Supreme Court demanding reservation in the education sector, the Supreme Court decided to invalidate the inclusion itself. In that judgment, it was ordered that reservation should be given not on the basis of caste, but on the basis of need, and the comment that the reservation was occupied by the "Tarmara class" was also made. However, the Supreme Court did not explain who the civil service officers are, nor was there a wide discussion on the matter in the public debate.

Who are the 'Tarmara' class of Nepal? In fact, the class and community that have been exploiting the state power for hundreds of years by continuously occupying state power and political power, oppressing the oppressed caste class, gender and community and seizing all the resources and opportunities of the state is the real 'Tarmara class'. Obviously, the historical Tarmara class of Nepal is basically Khas-Arya based on gender and caste. The classes and communities that have monopolized the rights of the state, including the formulation of civil administration policies, resources and employment.

After the introduction of reservation in the civil sector in 2064, the representation of the Dalit community has barely reached about 2 percent. Khas-Arya representation, once around 90 percent, is now more than 60 percent, twice the Khasa-Arya population. There have been 27 Chief Secretaries in Nepal so far, all but one of them (the incumbent Chief Secretary) have been men. From the perspective of caste, 22 people (81.48 percent) belonged to Khas-Arya and the remaining 5 belonged to tribal communities.

Even more ironically, the 12 chief secretaries appointed after the establishment of inclusive democracy in 2062/63 are all from the Khas-Arya community. The power wielder within the civil service is the secretary. 90 percent of the incumbent secretaries are Khas-Arya. Not only this, other main positions of civil administration, police administration, judicial administration, powerful posts are Tarmara who have been dominant for hundreds of years or are the employees who have just entered the service since 2064?

The naturally dominant Khas-Arya are the historical Tarmara class of Nepal, even now this group is continuing to exploit the state power and is going to protect the interest of monopolistic loot by opposing reservation. Therefore, if we want economic-social transformation of the country, the civil service should be made fully inclusive. Historical Tarmara should be freed from the occupation of class.

The continuing conspiracy against reservation

A systematic confusion is being created against reservation. One of the serious misconceptions that has been created is that people from reservations are not capable. It is a conspiracy to deny the potential of women and marginalized communities. As a general rule, people without formal education are not directly selected for entry into the civil service from reservation. Only those who have completed certain educational qualification and passed the written and oral examination are eligible for the post. After entering the

service, their abilities are assessed like any other person. A comparative study of the ability of reservation and open entrants in service delivery makes it clear who is more capable. As the different castes who have entered the service through inclusiveness can correctly understand the issues and concerns of the oppressed community. They can make policies and programs keeping in mind the concerns and needs of the people. From the perspective of marginalized communities, only such employees are competent or 'merit', who can address their concerns. Not the marks obtained in the examination, but the 'merit' of understanding the concerns of the people is the need of Nepal, which can only be fulfilled through inclusiveness.

Since 2064, reservation has been implemented in civil services. 45 percent of the seats thus applied are reserved for reservation and 55 percent for open. There does not appear to be any scientific basis as to why and how this percentage was chosen. At this percentage, it seems that it will take hundreds of years for the civil service to become fully inclusive. Although women and marginalized communities have been given the freedom to contest openly, but all the people of those communities want to be included in the reserved quota because it is the right of those communities to claim the reserved seats.

However, this results in the majority of women and marginalized communities going towards reserved seats, with 55 per cent informally reserved for 15 per cent Khas-Arya men. It is conspiratorial. This does not make the civil service proportionately inclusive. Therefore, it will only be fair if all communities are proportionally represented in the overall seats.

The group dominating the state power

keeps plotting for his own good. In Nepal, such conspiracies against reservation are revealed by various state agencies. In 2076, the Public Service Commission embraced the concept of inclusiveness when it opened applications for the recruitment of 9,161 employees. In principle, the commission itself engaged in the work of recruiting a large number of employees, ignoring the legal provision to allocate 45 percent to the reserved quota, which accepts proportional inclusion in principle.

The 2078 decision of the Supreme Court on the petition demanding reservation in education came against the spirit of inclusiveness. This was also a decision to undermine inclusion. The report published by the National Inclusion Commission in 2079 has recommended suggestions to sustain the Khas-Arya monopolistic system in the civil service. It is a conspiracy of the Constitutional Commission to prevent the civil service from being fully inclusive. Therefore, the commission of oppressed communities has made a separate report including the wrong aspects of the report.

Recently, the full text of the judgment of the Supreme Court regarding proportional representation has come out. In the full text of the judgment passed on 30th of February, it has been ordered to amend the law before the election to stop the tarmara class. The naturally proportional system has been misused by the leaders and their relatives who have continuously seized power, this system should be stopped. Like

: In the last election, Prakashsharan Mahat of Nepali Congress, Raghuji Pant of CPN (UML), Hitraj Pandey of CPN (Maoist Center), Dolraj Upadhyay of National Independent Party, Vice President of National Independent Party, Pashupatishamsher Jabara of RPP were among those who were elected in the first place from proportional representation. They are all dominant men of Khasa-Arya. There should be an end to such a system of Khas-Arya capturing the inclusion and meaningful representation of the communities that have actually been left behind by the state power. If the election is repeated in the civil service as well, it may set back the oppressed community by hundreds of years.

Nepal's civil service has also done a good job. Those good jobs they should get. However, the role of civil society in bringing the country to crisis should also be evaluated. Apart from thanking for the good work, it is also important to take account of the role played in bringing the country to crisis. Who has run the civil administration of the country so far? Why has the condition of this country, run by the best and merit civil administration of the country, become like this? Who are the patrons and promoters of corruption and misrule? What is the role of personnel administration in such work?

Civil servants naturally also have a role in making the country dependent, preventing it from coming out of economic-social problems and leading the country to corruption and bureaucracy. It is also important for everyone to understand the fact that such activities against the country and people were led by civil administrators of which gender and community.