Need for revision of national security policy

The meeting of the National Security Council chaired by Oli had decided to amend the National Security Policy-2073 which was issued earlier on 1 October 2075. Based on the same decision of the Council, a 7-member National Security Policy Revision Committee was formed under the coordination of the then Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Ishwar Pokharel. The Pokharel-led committee submitted the draft of the revised national security policy to Prime Minister Oli on February 20, 2075.

What was changed in the national security policy at that time has been kept a secret until now. Security experts have been demanding that the policy should be made public and implemented, but no concrete initiative has been taken in that direction. What a coincidence, Oli has become the prime minister again while this noise is being raised. And it is being discussed that he will give importance to the national security policy again, this is the reason why the discussion about the national security policy has started once again.

The question of national security policy

It is not clear whether the government will proceed with the previous policy with modifications or take the initiative to make a new policy according to the changing world and environment . But it is certain that this matter will become very complicated in the matter of Nepal's national security. Because this topic is very important and sensitive at the moment.

With the changes in information technology and the many areas and dimensions affected by it, the world scenario is also changing . The challenges are changing. The need to modify it to adapt to the changing global scenario and ensure the national interest of the country has become more urgent. When the world is dealing with changes in geo-politics, development of technology (including dominance of artificial intelligence) and emerging threats, Nepal has to update its security policy framework.

How do the new technologies that have come to the world affect Nepal's national security? What are the key areas where it can be strengthened? What is the timely national security policy? In this article, it is tried to analyze the points in order to find a solution to this question.

1. Changing world order

In today's world, issues of world order and geopolitics have become prominent. And in the meantime, Nepal will also have to protect its security and interests. Looking at the fundamental issues of Nepal's security dynamics and global order, we have many tasks to do. Some of them are:

Balancing regional alliances: Nepal borders China and India, which are considered emerging economies and powers of the world. Both these emerging powers are also the closest neighbors of Nepal. We have to strengthen diplomatic relations with both these neighbors while protecting our sovereignty and geographical integrity . In this context, technology support can also enhance cross-border collaboration and cooperation.

Climate security: Nepal's hilly and mountainous regions are at great risk from the effects and effects created by climate change. The gradually melting glaciers, the terrible events seen as weather events and the natural disasters that are clearly visible have really threatened life and infrastructure . In this context, subjects like early warning system, remote sensing and climate modeling can help in Nepal's disaster preparedness. Because it is directly connected with Nepali's life, economy and infrastructure.

Cyber ​​security : In today's world, cyber threats have also come as a national risk. It is having a direct and indirect impact on national security . However, the digital age increases cyber risks. But its use is an essential requirement of today . It is not necessary not to use it to avoid risk. Nepal needs to adopt strong cyber security measures to protect important infrastructure, sensitive data and overall national interests. There is a need for Nepal to collaborate with international partners and invest or introduce cyber security infrastructure.

Cryptocurrency Regulation : The growth of cryptocurrency transactions is currently increasing financial security challenges . Effective regulation has become imperative to prevent money laundering, fraud and illegal activities facilitated by digital currencies these days.

2. With the rapid development of new technology and artificial intelligence

technology, artificial intelligence i.e. AI has now become a formidable challenge. It has brought a lot of opportunities, and challenges too.

surveillance and intelligence : AI-powered surveillance systems can ensure border security, counter-terrorism efforts and crime prevention . Smart sensors, facial recognition and predictive analytics can also improve situational awareness.

cyber security : ing AI algorithms rapidly detect and respond to cyber threats . In a changing perspective, Nepal should invest in AI-powered intrusion detection systems and AI platforms in terms of threats.

Emerging Technologies

Block Chain : Beyond cryptocurrencies, block chain technology can protect important data, increase supply chain and transparency, and streamline administrative processes .

quantum computing : Quantum computing has the potential to qualitatively change cryptography and data encryption in the world . Nepal should monitor the progress in this area and see the possibility of use.

3. Execution metrics are changing like night and day in

technology. But have we been able to take advantage of that change? Or can we pick it up tomorrow? This question depends on whether we have ensured the effective implementation of that change or how much attention Nepal has paid to ensure it. We should focus on the following metrics for this .

Legal and policy framework : Strengthening the existing laws on counter-terrorism, cyber security and data protection is the first need of the day . Emphasis must be placed on the development of a comprehensive national security strategy that integrates the development in technology.

Capacity Building: law enforcement agencies ie agencies, intelligence agencies and staff and cyber security experts need to invest in their training and education for capacity building. For this, it is necessary to coordinate with stakeholders, find sources of support and investment and invest.

Upgrading infrastructure: These days, the use of modern surveillance equipment to enhance the security of airports, borders and communication networks has also become mandatory. For this, secure communication channels should be established so that the infrastructure can be upgraded uniformly

Public awareness and education : Measures should be taken to inform citizens about security threats, emergency preparedness and reporting mechanisms. Because citizens are aware and educated about this, only the initiatives are effective . It should also promote the culture of security awareness.

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Nepal's national security policy should embrace new technologies while making diplomatic relations with neighboring countries effective. Using AI, block chain and other emerging tools, Nepal can enhance its security posture and protect its citizens in an ever-evolving global context.

What we must keep in mind is that national security or national security policy is a collective effort involving government agencies, civil society and citizens. This is not just a matter for any government agency. In this context, Nepal's security policy 2075 must be technologically adaptive, forward-looking and inclusive in the changing perspective. Addressing the complex security environment developed due to the country's geo-political and geo-strategic location, globalization and various other national and international factors will become its basic character.