The path of religion, the path of business

Known as the 'Ancient Silk Road' and the 'Salt Trade Route', shared by Hindus and Buddhists, the Kaligandaki River is the main Bhot-Tibet trade route.

Magh 9, 2081

Ghanashyam Khadka, Narayan Sharma, Hariram Upreti

The path of religion, the path of business

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A trip from Mustang to Triveni can be a unique experience in Nepal's tourism sector. From the Mustang connected to China to the Triveni connected to India, the variety is a treasure trove of supernatural experiences in itself for those interested in travel.

Mustang's natural, cultural and religious significance attracts tourists. Shaligram stones washed away by Kaligandaki river and historical medieval civilization, caves and monasteries are the main attractions here. Damodar Kund, Muktinath Temple and Upper Mustang Monasteries attract both Hindus and Buddhists.

The origin of the Kaligandaki River is the Nhechung River, which comes out from the glaciers of the Chuama Peak Chungen Changa and the Ghyun Himal in the west of Lomanthang rural municipality on the border of China. After the river coming from Damodarkund joins the Thamsung area at the foot of Ghami village, the river turns black and is called Kalikhola. Kalikhola is now known as the Kaligandaki River after the Jhongkhola flowing down from Muktinath joins the Kagbeni. Of the length of the Kaligandaki River of 814 km, 630 km flows in Nepal and the rest in India. 

Kaligandaki river is one of the major glaciers of Nepal. Kaligandaki is not only a river, it is also a religious, economic, cultural and tourist civilization. The river civilization of Kaligand is also a common belief of Hindus and Buddhists. Known as the ancient 'Silk Route' and 'Salt Trade Route', the Kaligandaki River is also a major trade route between Bhot-Tibet.

Following the ancient 'Salt Trade Route' through this Kaligandaki route, the 435 km Kaligandaki Corridor road from Gandakot in Nawalparasi, which is considered the life line of Gandaki Province, reaches Korola Naka and connects with the 'China National Highway 219' from Sigatse, 20 km through Zhongwa County in Tibet.&nbsp ;

Kaligandaki River flows from the head to the foot of Gandaki Province to Mustang, Myagdi, Baglung, Parbat, Syangja, Tanahun, East Nawalparasi. The source of the Kaligandaki river is the Buddhist civilization, rooted in the ancient caves, medieval settlements and monasteries in the upper Mustang, which spread down to the grass along the Kaligandaki river.

The medieval settlement of Lomanthang, nicknamed the 'Mud City', is a unique religious and historical heritage of the world. Most of the old houses in Mustang have mud roofs. The wooden fences on the roofs of Munde houses to prevent water from washing away the soil have become the identity and culture of the Mustang people. The cave called 'Fug' in the local language is the center of religious and social attraction of Mustang. Man-made caves are found in Bhir near almost all the settlements in Mustang.  

There are various historical monasteries in the upper Lomanthang region of Mustang. In Buddhist culture, the monastery is called 'Tapo Kuti'. Most of the monasteries are built facing east. The architectural style of the monastery attracts everyone. Jyampa Gumba located in Lomanthang in Mustang district of Gumbaigumba is an important cultural heritage of Nepal.

Muktinath Temple located in Mustang is a sacred pilgrimage site for Buddhists and Hindus. Based on mythological sources, Muktinath is believed to be 2000 years old. Muktinath, located at a height of 3710 meters at the foot of Thorangla mountain, is worshiped by Hindus as Mukti Kshetra and by Buddhists as 'Chumang Gyatsa' which means 'hundred waters' in Tibetan. Muktinath is one of the major Hindu temples and Muktinath is also one of the various tantric places of Buddhists. 

Located on the banks of the Kaligandaki River, Bhurung Tatopani is the confluence of the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri treks and the only land route to Mustang. There is another footpath across the Kaligandaki river after crossing the Bhurung hot spring. Two kilometers down, Ratopani also has hot water. All three hot springs are located along the Beni-Jomsom road. The pool is full of foreign and domestic tourists who enjoy the hot water.

Through this route, the movement of tourists began after the trip to Tibet by the Japanese monk Eita Kawaguchi in 1903, and Tony Hagen's propaganda helped to attract tourists systematically. As the journey progresses, one reaches the Beni Bazar of Myagdi, where one gets a glimpse of the ancient city. The Beni Shivalaya temple located here at the confluence of the Kaligandaki and Myagdi rivers carries historical significance.   

Beni was at one time not only an Indo-Bote trade center, but also the capital of the prosperous Chaubise Kingdom of Parbat. History scholar Chandraprakash Baniyan says that Beni, known as the 'Salt Trade Route' in ancient times, was a trade center for exchanging Tibetan goods from Mustang and Indian goods from Palpa, a subsidiary trading post of Bhot-Tibet. After the Gorkhali army captured the mountain capital on 14 October 1843, Beni's 'capital' was lost. Kalika Temple in Baglung and Gupteshwar Cave in Parbat are also popular among travelers.

Pokhara itself is the capital of tourism. With its beautiful lakes, adventure tourism opportunities and various temples, there are many things to visit and see in Pokhara. Pokhara is also a major place to relax after going to the tourist spots in the Gandaki region. Pokhara always attracts tourists of any age group for a different kind of fun. From Bandipur to Trivenidham located in the eastern part of Nawalparasi overlooking the Gorkha Palace, an ups and downs journey ends in a peaceful atmosphere. 

The history of Nepal's dynasty started from Dravya Shah and started from Gorkha. Even now, the ties tied by the then kings who ruled from the Gorkha kingdom were well-known. From Dravya Shah to Prithvi Narayan Shah, the old capital Gorkha, which was ruled by 10 generations, has established its importance as a historical district. The experience of following this historical period is unparalleled.

Along with the legacy of old politics, Liligkot, Gorkha Palace, Gorkha Museum, Fort, Fort along with the wealth of archaeological heritage has established importance. From the Sattal built by the then Mukhtiar Bhimsen Thapa at Bunkotghat to the rebel fort complex of Lakhan Thapa and his fellow warrior Jaihsingh Chumi Magar, who first rebelled against the colonial rule, tourists are attracted.

The earthquake of 2072 Baisakh 12 made Gorkha even more familiar around the world. Even though Barpak, the epicenter of the earthquake, which is home to Eknas, has lost its old existence, it has made a leap in domestic tourism promotion. The number of domestic tourists who reach Laprak integrated model settlement built after the earthquake is also increasing year by year. Gorkha is famous for its religious and touristic points of view like the famous Manakamana Temple of Nepal, Manaslu Himal, Chum Valley known as non-violence zone, Manaslu Conservation Area. Gorkha's northern Chum Valley was declared a non-violence zone on the occasion of Buddha Jayanti (Saka Daba) in 1977.  

More than 1 million religious tourists come to Mankamana Temple, a famous religious place in Nepal, every year. After the 2072 earthquake, Manakamana temple has been reconstructed. Places like Chitwan National Park near Trivenidham, Rhino viewing area in Amaltari area, Shashwatdham and Maulakalika temple have increased the tourist activity. 

Trivenidham near the Indian border in eastern Nawalparasi, Downe Pahad at the highest point of the Mahendra Highway, Rudrapurgarhi, Ghumaurighat, Amaltari and Piprahar are also places where tourists are increasingly busy. Lately, the Amaltari area here is known as a rhinoceros viewing spot. Due to increasing noise in Sourah of Chitwan, rhinoceros, deer, tigers and wild boars are concentrated in Chitwan Park and surrounding areas in the area around Amaltari. 

Chitwan National Park's western sector, Amaltari area, due to the increase in the number of rhinos, the park has started translocating rhinos to the eastern region since last year. According to tourism businessman and conservationist Premshankar Mardania, going on a jungle safari from the Amaltari region fulfills the desire to see rhinos. Shashwatdham operated by Chaudhary Group in Dumkauli has become the choice of Nepali and Indian tourists.

In the 7 years that it was opened to the public, Shashwat Dham says that 5 million tourists have visited here. Maulakalika temple at Gaindakot is also another major religious tourist destination here. More than 600,000 devotees come here every year, said Bishnuhari Rimal, the former chairman of the religious service committee of the Maulakalika temple. In view of the influx of pilgrims, Chandra Dhakal, an entrepreneur in the tourism sector of Nepal, has built a cable car here with an investment of about one and a half billion. 

Trivenidham is also an important pilgrimage site in terms of religious tourism in Nepal. Valmiki's Ashram, located within Chitwan Park from Triveni, has religious significance as it is located here. There are more than 40 monasteries in Trivenidham. Triveni Dham has become the first place for tourists and pilgrims to visit Nepal due to its proximity to India's Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. 

Jhapendreshwar Bhusal, Executive Director of Triveni Gajendramoksha Area Development Committee, said that more than 5 lakh religious tourists come to Triveni every year. Devghatdham, the confluence of Nawalparasi, Tanah and Chitwan, has been a priority for tourists since years. Devghat, the confluence of Kaligandaki and Trishuli, has a historic monastery. All these places showcase Nepal's rich culture, religious diversity and natural beauty. which provide an unforgettable experience to the tourists.

गन्तव्य गण्डकी

Ghanashyam

Narayan

Hariram

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