The differences that started with the new democracy presented by CP Mainali at the fifth general convention in 2049 BS, gradually deepened, from making Rastriya Prajatantra Party leader Lokendra Bahadur Chand the Prime Minister to the Mahakali Treaty, and the gap between the UML leaders had deepened.

On the eve of the sixth national convention to be held in Nepalgunj from 12-18 Magh 2054 BS, during the discussion on the document prepared by the then UML General Secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal and former Deputy General Secretary Bamdev Gautam, there was more personal abuse and competition to expose each other's weaknesses than policies, principles and future work direction. In a way, one could be seen tearing each other down.

Discussions on the document were held in public. General Secretary Nepal had claimed that the leader whose document is passed, will also have the policy and leadership. Gautam, on the other hand, used to say that the document he had prepared was correct, but Nepal had misled the people in the name of revolution. 

In a discussion held in Janakpur on 20 Poush, 2001, General Secretary Nepal had accused Gautam's document of having a 'Mandala tendency'.  Nepal, who had been complaining that Gautam had called him a traitor, had said in the program, 'Gautamji's nationalism is a seasonal nationalism that comes from a whim, which goes to sleep after coming to power. ' Gautam, on the other hand, had expressed his dissatisfaction in the Janakpur program, saying that since General Secretary Nepal is from the majority party, the tendency to say that whatever the document says is correct is wrong.  He had explained that he had to present a different opinion due to the stubbornness of Nepal and KP Sharma Oli. 

The Gautam group, which had a different opinion in the parliament during the vote on the Mahakali Treaty, had been leading a different stream on the same 'issue' the most.  After the fall of Sher Bahadur Deuba's government in 2009, there was a forced agreement between Gautam and the Nepal faction to make Chand the Prime Minister. Party President Manmohan Adhikari, General Secretary Nepal, and Standing Committee member Oli were not positive about giving leadership to Chand. Gautam, on the other hand, became more powerful after becoming Home Minister in the Chand-led government.

But after the fall of the Chand government in 2009, UML leaders were engaged in a debate on the document to be presented at the general convention. But their debates focused more on the issue of slandering each other than on the document. Whether they spoke on the same platform or on different platforms, they used to abuse each other with words like "dhupoure", "rashtraghati", "Maharashtraghati", "pro-American and pro-India", and "panchayati mandala". There was also a rumor that Gautam had once tried to remove General Secretary Nepal from the post of General Secretary by bringing a no-confidence motion. The issue was also linked to the growing rift. The incident had fueled a personal conflict between Nepal and Gautam.

General Secretary Nepal had leveled the most accusations against Gautam. He had criticized Gautam for the party going into the hands of Gautam as going into the hands of a scoundrel. Nepal had targeted Gautam, who was on the same stage in the Janakpur assembly, saying, ‘Let our party not get lost in the crowd of scoundrels.’ In a discussion held in Kathmandu on 22 Poush, Nepal had targeted Gautam and asked, ‘If you think that Madhav Kumar Nepal and KP Sharma Oli committed treason when ratifying the Mahakali Treaty, why did you call the Indian Prime Minister and exchange the treaty documents while laughing? Where did the inner peace that was present when the whip was violated go when the treaty was exchanged?’

Nepal had expressed dissatisfaction with Gautam's document calling America imperialist and India regional hegemon, contrary to the party's decision. Gautam, on the other hand, had countered Nepal's statement by saying that it was not necessary to please America to join the government. Nepal had said that Gautam's nationalism sometimes sleeps and sometimes wakes up, saying, 'Madhav Nepal's nationalism always wakes up.'

Kantipur published a news report on 2054 Poush 23, which was prepared by making the views expressed and criticisms made by each other during the discussion held between the leaders before the sixth general convention of the UML. Throughout that week, the newspapers were filled with the topics and accusations made by the UML leaders.

Kantipur had published news on 2054 Pus 20, 21 and 23 under the headlines ‘UML General Secretary alleges that the minority party is trying to sabotage the Mahakali Treaty,’ ‘Our party should not be lost in the crowd of Dhupourehs: Nepal’, ‘The majority document has misled the people: Gautam’, ‘The party whose views are accepted should form the party leadership: Nepal’, ‘A situation of war or peace should not be created as soon as there is a difference of opinion: Gautam’. Personal debates between the leaders also led to discussions about whether the UML party would split.