The document passed by the Fifth National Convention of the CPN-UML in 2049, ‘The Program of the Nepali Revolution: People’s Multi-Party Democracy’, stated that Nepal would be declared an independent, sovereign, secular, people’s democratic republic. However, the 2047 constitution drafted with the participation of the UML did not mention the establishment of a republic, but made constitutional monarchy and multi-party democracy the main concepts.

Although the constitution adopted a constitutional monarchy, the UML was sometimes accused of not being committed to the constitution and constitutional monarchy because it included the issue of a democratic republic in its political document. At that time, opposing the king was understood to mean not accepting the constitution. UML’s critical support for the 2047 constitution also raised further doubts.

After the constitution was announced, the then General Secretary of the UML, Madan Bhandari, issued a statement critical of the constitution. General Secretary Bhandari's statement had led to discussions that the UML could change its commitment to the constitution. Based on the belief that communist parties in the world are republican, questions had been raised from time to time on the political 'line' of the UML.

On the eve of the sixth general convention of the UML, discussions about the political 'line' had started again in the party. After the then general secretary of the UML, Madhav Kumar Nepal, and former deputy general secretary, Bamdev Gautam, prepared separate political documents before the general convention, the party leaders were divided into parties and opposition parties. Some said that since the republican 'line' was laid down in the fifth general convention, it should not be abandoned. Bamdev had written the document on that 'line'.

Meanwhile, party chairman Manmohan Adhikari had held a press conference at the central office and announced that no document could be passed that went beyond the scope of the constitution. In a press conference held at the party office Balkhu on 2001, Manmohan had said, ‘You should not do double work by being the constitution maker yourself.’ He had said that the separate documents prepared by Bamdev and General Secretary Nepal should be made into one and a consensus should be established in the party.

When questions were being raised about the commitment to constitutional monarchy in the UML, Manmohan had expressed the opinion that the party could not take the ‘line’ of republicanism. He had informed through a press conference that there could be no formal program of a republican party.

When asked why a republican program was held at the fifth general convention, Manmohan’s argument was, ‘Since the divided communists had to be brought together at the fifth general convention, it was necessary to sort out many differences.’ We have passed that stage. UML has become the main communist party in the meantime.'

Manmohan had said that UML moved forward with the belief that it could implement the party's programs within the multi-party norms in a democratic manner. Manmohan had said that since UML was a co-sponsor in the creation of a constitution with a constitutional monarchy, they believed that people should have political honesty. He had said that going beyond the political changes of 046 would lead to controversy.

Gautam had accused General Secretary Nepal of not being clear about the analysis of the national/international environment, the Mahakali Treaty, and the internal life of the party. Gautam had argued that he had to prepare a different document because 'America as an imperialist political representative and India as an Indian monopoly capitalist' were not depicted. He had accused General Secretary Nepal of not making international proletariat clear in the document.

Gautam had strongly opposed criticism of his strategy and thinking as a program that would be carried out in a right-wing and parliamentary manner through a document. He had said, ‘If the government becomes right-wing while carrying out progressive reforms, let us go on the path of destroying the parliament.’ Gautam had expressed disagreement with the policy taken by the UML leadership.