It had been five months since Sher Bahadur Deuba, the leader of the Nepali Congress parliamentary party, became the Prime Minister after overthrowing the nine-month-old minority government of the UML. The UML was expressing anger that the Congress had removed them from the government with the support of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, while doing good work.

The then Prime Minister Manmohan Adhikari had recommended mid-term elections after the government was about to collapse, and the Supreme Court had rejected it on Bhadra 12, 2052. 

The UML was very angry that the Supreme Court had rejected the recommendation of its Prime Minister for mid-term elections made on Jestha 26, 2052. UML had called it a 'conspiracy'. After it stepped down from the leadership and the Deuba government was formed, the UML was trying to get back into the government. 

It was secretly negotiating with the Rastriya Prajatantra Party to topple the Deuba government. During the negotiations, the UML had warned of an agitation against the then Deuba government and had also made public a 30-point demand. The memorandum was handed over to Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba by the then UML chairman and former Prime Minister Manmohan Adhikari on Falgun 9, 2052. The memorandum gave an 'ultimatum' to launch an agitation if the demands were not met within a month. 

The memorandum handed over as per the decision of the second meeting of the UML National Council mentioned that activities against China in Nepal should be controlled, the 1950 treaty should be amended in the interest of Nepal, the suppression of political activists and filing of false cases should be stopped, and interference in constitutional bodies should be stopped. 

The UML had also demanded from the government to stop the violent activities taking place in various parts of the country in the name of 'people's war'. At that time, violent activities had already started in the name of the United People's Front, and the government had launched an arrest campaign in response to it. Especially, the violent activities in Rolpa, Rukum, Sindhupalchowk, Gorkha and other districts had led to an assessment of the situation that the conflict would escalate. 

The UML had demanded to stop the administrative actions taken in Chitwan, Rolpa, Rukum, Jajarkot, Gorkha and other districts. However, it had made public the view that the activities in the name of 'people's war' were not correct and relevant. While returning after submitting the memorandum, UML Standing Committee member KP Sharma Oli had said to the media, ‘It is not right, relevant and timely to take another path while the communist movement is gaining popularity.’ 

While reading the memorandum, Prime Minister Deuba had assured that the country’s resources would fulfill the demands to the extent possible. However, UML leaders had accused the country of being Congressified. Countering the Prime Minister’s statement, Oli had said, ‘This is not only a matter of resources, but also of Congressification.’

In a press release distributed by UML, it was mentioned that the incident of starting a long-term people’s war in the name of the CPN (Maoist) was taken seriously. Prime Minister Deuba had informed that the government would form a team of three ministers to fulfill the UML’s demands. He reminded that the issue of the 1950 Treaty should be passed by two-thirds in Parliament. UML, on the other hand, had demanded further discussions, saying that talks had been held with India on the issue of the treaty during its tenure.

After submitting the memorandum, UML Deputy General Secretary Bamdev Gautam told the media that he was forced to go on a peaceful protest. The memorandum was criticized for not mentioning the 44 ministers in the Deuba government, the LC scam, and the Dasdhunga accident. Deuba, on the other hand, reminded that the UML is a responsible party that has already been in the government and is ready to fulfill the demands through talks. He also claimed that there are no anti-China activities in Nepal.

Almost all the top UML leaders and MPs available in Kathmandu had gone to the Prime Minister's Office to submit the memorandum. There was also a large crowd of journalists. As soon as he entered the meeting to read the memorandum, Deuba said 'Baf re Baf'! Seeing the crowd, Deuba said 'Baf re Baf'! The leaders and MPs of the main opposition parties stood up and expressed their respect when Deuba entered the meeting. UML Chairman Manmohan Adhikari had asked Oli to read the memorandum. Manmohan was standing while Oli was reading the memorandum. Despite repeated requests from Prime Minister Deuba to sit, the official refused to sit.

 The mid-term elections were held in Kartik 2051. Two governments had been formed in about 16 months after the election. A secret meeting was underway between the UML and the RPP to form a third government. The armed movement, which had started in the western districts of the country by declaring a 'long-term people's war' in the name of the Maoists, had already reached Sindhuli via Gorkha. In a similar political backdrop, the UML had presented a 30-point demand and warned of a movement.