"Communist rulers are autocratic. You can't speak out against them. They stay in power without contesting elections and run a one-party state. They don't accept an open economy." In the 1990s, communist rulers around the world faced more such accusations.

At the same time, the message that the communist regime was collapsing due to the changes taking place in Eastern Europe and the dissolution of the Soviet Union had spread all over the world. Taking that as an example, parties in Nepal, especially the Nepali Congress, kept making speeches about the collapse of the communist regime from all over the world. Parliamentarians were criticizing the UML, citing the fact that the communists understood the parliament as a 'place where dog meat is sold by showing a goat's head'.

Even after the change in 2046, the Communist Party, as a party that was not committed to the multi-party system and did not believe in democracy, continued to face political challenges from time to time in Nepal. After a meeting held at the residence of the then banned Nepali Congress leader Ganeshman Singh in Kshetrapati on 2046 Magh 5, the communist parties of Nepal also joined hands in the movement for multi-party democracy. In the anti-panchayat movement that started on 2046 Falgun 7, the Congress and the Communists took to the streets together under the name of the United Left Front.

Accepting the belief that communist rule was collapsing around the world and that power could only be achieved through multi-party competition, the communist parties of Nepal had gone to the 2048 elections. In particular, UML General Secretary Madan Kumar Bhandari had passed the principle of ‘People’s Multi-Party Democracy’ (JBJ) at the Fifth General Conference held in Magh 2049, sending a message that communists could also come to power through multi-party competition.

After the change in 2046, the CPN-ML and the Marxists merged to form the Unified Marxist-Leninist (UML). In the 2048 general election, the UML won 69 seats in the House of Representatives and had the opportunity to lead the government as the largest party in the 2051 midterm elections. However, the UML was still accused of being a communist democrat.

On 27 Jestha 2052, the Prime Minister of the minority government, Manmohan Adhikari, had recommended to the King to dissolve the Parliament and announce mid-term elections. Therefore, a situation had been created in the country without a House of Representatives. On the recommendation of the Prime Minister, the King had announced mid-term elections in 2052 Mangesh. The case against the dissolution of the House of Representatives was also pending in the Supreme Court.

Since General Secretary Madan Bhandari died in the Dasdhunga accident in 2050, all the responsibility of explaining the statements he made fell on the then leadership. In this backdrop, when the parties were preparing for the mid-term elections, the Congress, the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, the Sadbhavana Party and others had accused the UML of becoming autocratic during its rule, destroying the provisions of the Constitution, damaging the economy and showing a communist character overall.

The UML leaders were trying to convince that they were different from the communists of the world, committed to electoral competition and a multi-party system. The multi-party democracy had introduced the UML as a party that believed in democracy and pluralism, but the controversial statements made by the UML leaders in public from time to time were creating distrust.

Prime Minister Manmohan Adhikari had tried to clarify his commitment to democracy by refuting the accusations leveled against the UML and the Nepali Communists. At a program organized in Kathmandu on Asad 14, 2052, Manmohan had complained that the bourgeoisie was spreading the illusion that communists do not come to power through elections and are political creatures who only believe in dictatorship. Manmohan had tried to portray the UML as a party that believed in democracy by saying that General Secretary Madan and the multi-party system were not only capitalist and could also be democratic. But at the same program, the then Deputy Secretary General of the UML, Bamdev Gautam, had supported the doubts of the multi-partyists by making a statement that it would explode like a bomb against reactionaries and throw everyone into the same pit.

Speaking on the topic of ‘People’s Leader Madan Bhandari and Multi-Party Democracy’, Manmohan urged people not to doubt the UML. He said that the world was in a transitional period after the Cold War and that the multi-party political system was gaining recognition. Manmohan had put forward the idea that the communists needed to find a theoretical solution to the distortions, inconsistencies and ironies that had arisen within the one-party system.

He said that the UML had made the greatest progress in the history of the communist movement in Nepal by passing the principle of JABAZ at the fifth general convention and that the people voted for it and UML became the largest party on that basis. Madan had said that the UML had given a message that the UML would be more democratic by reflecting deeply on the flaws seen in the governance system when the communists ran a one-party regime, and that was why Manmohan had put forward the principle of multi-party democracy.

The news, prepared by focusing on the issues raised about the multi-party democracy propounded by the UML when it became the first prime minister from a communist party in Nepal's history and its commitment to democracy, was published by Kantipur Daily on 15 Asad 2052 under the title 'Claim that the multi-party system is not just a capitalist system'.