The Communist Party, which won four seats in the parliamentary elections of 2015, had reached the level of becoming the Prime Minister after 36 years. In the mid-term elections held on 28 Kartik 2051, the CPN-UML, which had established itself as the mainstream party of the communist parties, had become the first party to win 88 seats in the House of Representatives from 205 constituencies.

After no party could secure the required number of seats to form a government, King Birendra appointed Manmohan Adhikari, the leader of the UML parliamentary party, as Prime Minister on November 13, 2051. Adhikari was appointed Prime Minister as the largest party in the House of Representatives.

The country reached mid-term elections as internal strife within the Nepali Congress, which had won a majority in the House of Representatives in the 2048 parliamentary elections and led the government, increased. In the mid-term elections, rebel candidates had emerged in more than 50 constituencies under the auspices of top Congress leaders, while the conflict between Prime Minister Koirala and Supreme Leader Ganeshman Singh was rife.

The number of MPs in the Congress had fallen to 83 seats in the mid-term elections due to internal strife within the Congress and the organizational strengthening carried out by the UML in the three and a half years since 2048.

Especially when it was estimated that the UML would be weak after the death of Madan Bhandari in a jeep accident in 2050 Jestha, the election results seemed to have added enthusiasm to the leaders and activists. Adhikari was elected from Kathmandu constituency numbers 1 and 3 in the mid-term elections.

Immediately after being appointed Prime Minister, Adhikari organized a press conference at the UML office and said that the minority government would respect the values, norms and ideals of democracy. He also discussed that King Birendra was close and friendly. He had said, 'The communist government's relationship with the monarchy will be as directed by the constitution.'

Adhikari expressed this opinion with the appointment of Prime Minister at a time when there was public interest in how the UML would maintain its relationship with the king. He also said that the UML's slogan of multi-party democracy is based on the reality of the country.

After becoming Prime Minister, he said that he remembered those who died in the democratic movement, including Pushpalal, Madan Bhandari, and Jibaraj Ashrit, and that he would lead the government to strengthen democracy and promote ethics in politics. Information about studying the Mallik Commission was also given at the press conference.

The government had formed a commission headed by Janardan Lal Mallik and comprising Udaya Raj Upadhyay and Indra Raj Pandey to investigate the loss of property and lives during the movement in 2046 and the incident in Pokhara. Adhikari had said that he would respond further only after studying the report of the same commission.

Adhikari, who was imprisoned along with BP Koirala in the movement against the Rana regime and participated in the Quit India movement, joined the Communist Party in 1942. He led the CPN (Marxist) when the communist parties were divided into various factions in the thirties.

Adhikari, who spent 15 years in prison for various incidents, became the UML president in 2047. He became the president of the UML formed by the merger of the CPN-Marxist and the CPN-ML.

Adhikari, who was elected president at the party's fifth general convention in 2048, was BP Koirala's nephew and childhood friend. After the 'coup' carried out by the king in 2017, he spent 9 consecutive years in prison. After being involved in the communist movement for five decades, he became the general secretary of the Communist Party formed by Pushpalal.