As soon as it was named Chitwan National Park, it is still known as the one-horned rhino habitat in the world. Biodiversity in Chitwan National Park is equally attractive. It is the first park of Nepal to be included in the World Heritage List in 1984. More than 60 types of wild mammals including rhinoceros, spotted tiger, gaurigai, kathe bear, leopard, ratua, chital, laguna, zarayo, chausinge, monkey, langur are found in the park.

The national park is especially known as a rhinoceros and tiger reserve. If the one-horned rhinoceros of Chitwan disappears, the identity of the national park will be lost. Therefore, not only at the government level, but also the residents around the national park have been emphasizing on rhino protection.

It seems that the awareness of protecting wild animals in the local area has helped to save not only the rhinos of the national park, but also other wild animals and biological diversity. The problem here is more of a challenge than the preservation of biological diversity is the poaching of rhinoceros. Since the horn of the rhinoceros is sold at a high price, it is a challenge to save the rhinoceros from poachers.

This challenge is not only now, poachers killed up to 7 rhinos in the same place in the 50s. If the poachers were active at this rate, then the situation became that there would be no rhinos left in Chitwan, and the local people became active in its protection .

It has been found that the support of the people around the park has been generous for three decades to stop poaching of rhinoceros. At that time there was more danger from predators than now. Because, due to the lack of resources and modern equipment, it was not possible for the state agencies to find and catch such predators. That's why the incident where the locals caught those who were poaching rhinoceros and reported it to the administration is still considered as a model example. On the other hand, even then, due to the damage done by the wild animals to the crops, the farmers were also suffering as they are now.

Formerly the most vulnerable area of ​​Shahi Chitwan National Park is Bandarphula Island within the park. Poachers killed 7 rhinos in 2049/50 in the vicinity of the island alone. That is why the example of local people being active and starting to catch poachers is still being discussed.

The Piprahar residents of Savik Roger Village Development Committee arrested three people including Team Nike who went to kill rhinoceros in Bandarphula. This incident in Piprahar confirmed that the interest and activism of the local people in rhino protection is exemplary. Khagendra Pathak, a ward member of Razar gavis, said that he did not want to hear such infamy as his village was portrayed as a hunter's village.

Locals said that they are active to prevent the extinction of the world's rare wild animals, tigers and rhinos. President of Piprahar Kopila Youth Club Ramkumar Ale said that the poachers were caught due to the activism of the locals. On the request of the locals, an 'anti-poaching unit' was also set up at that place . Poachers dug pits in places to kill the rhinos . Poachers used to carry iron chains to trap rhinos. Locals had even requested to set up an army camp to stop rhino poaching. They also seemed to be active in protecting the local park's wildlife because they would benefit from the potential of tourism development due to the park. According to

employees, they used to say that poaching can be stopped even if the poaching unit has minimum materials such as guns, plants that grow around the Narayani river. But due to the lack of resources at that time, effective work could not be done in the protection of rhinos and tigers . According to the park, 22 rhinos were killed in the west of the Narayani river bank in the past few years. This island is considered to be the best habitat for rhinoceros. Where the rhinoceros lives, the hunter used to put his eyes on it. It was estimated that there were only 50 hunters in Nawalparasi, which is connected to the park.

According to government officials, not only rhinos, 13 tigers were seen in this area in 2048, but only 5 were seen two years later . There were 30 outposts throughout the park. But the number was not enough. Officials of Srinath Gana, which is engaged in the protection of the park, said that since it would cost at least 350,000 to establish a military post, it could not be managed further due to lack of funds. At least 4 military posts should be added, but it was said that it could not be done due to lack of funds. Locals used to say, 'Soldiers are patrolling not thieves but thieves.' According to the records of the park, as of 2021, there are 694 rhinos and 128 tigers in the park. The tiger census was held in 2022 .