The fifth national convention of the UML held in January 2049 passed the multi-party democracy of the people proposed by the general secretary Madan Kumar Bhandari by a majority. In the convention, the group of CP Mainali and Jhalnath Khanal proposed a new democracy of the people. In the voting between the two proposals, the multi-party democracy submitted by Bhandari was passed with more than 85 percent of votes.

As the saying goes in the Communist Party, "Whoever thinks, leads", the Congress unanimously elected Bhandari as the General Secretary . But after their proposal was rejected by the convention, CP and Jhalnath became roleless in the party. 

Both of them were influential leaders in a separate 'gut' as they had been general secretaries of the party during the Panchayat period. They held a meeting of central members, MPs and leading leaders at the office of a weekly newspaper in Baghbazar and expressed their displeasure saying that the majority led by Bhandari had defeated the minority (themselves). 

The CP-Jhalnath faction said that whether the party will remain one or not will depend on the behavior of the majority party. The discussion started that party division will not happen with such a notion. After the leaders of the party started holding separate meetings, the majority side started accusing them of running a parallel committee . 

Minority has been complaining that they are not being heard even under the guise of the majority. The majority party had been saying that there was an agreement not to raise the issue passed by the convention until the next session. The party accused the majority party of violating the agreement to discuss the ideas passed by the party only 6 months before the next session. 

In the year 2039, Khanal expelled CP from the party general secretary. After being in the minority in the party, Khanal and CP stood together and formed a group of different ideas, forgetting the bitterness of a decade ago. Party workers used to say that Khanal, who became a minister in the interim government, was one of the smartest leaders.

The CP-Jhalnath faction claimed to have 60 percent representatives in their favor even after the convention. They claimed that the voting process in the fifth congress was undemocratic.

There are 20 MPs in the CP-Jhalnath faction and their names were made public . The minority party had alleged that the general secretary Madhav Kumar went to the Nepal National Assembly even though the important posts of the party were told not to go to the parliament.

The CP-Jhalnath group had accused Pradeep Nepal and Ashtalakshmi Shakya of canceling their nominations to the central committee after the convention, making influential leaders like Khanal without a role, and making allegations in the name of the majority. 

Jhalnath was not included during the selection of permanent committee members. UML leaders used to say that it also had an effect. As the conflict between the minority and the majority increased, the party president Manmohan Adhikari tried to coordinate it. 

Some of the parliamentarians who are in the minority said that it is difficult to be united in the party . Arkathari used to say that the majority should be pressured to make a decision. It must be a coincidence that CP and Jhalnath, who were running the same faction at that time, are not in UML now. 

Especially after the death of Madan-Ashrit in Dasdhunga accident in May 2050, the leadership in UML was felt to be weak . In this background, after the game of minority and majority during the convention came to the surface, focusing on this issue, a news titled 'UML is at the point of division' was published in Kantipur Daily on 21st July, 2050.