Considering the historical reality of repeated rebellions, upheavals, and changes in Nepal every decade, it is imperative to find sustainable solutions to the current crises, complexities, and challenges.

The history of Nepali political struggle is not just a series of power transfers, it is a saga of ideological struggle, pride of sacrifice, continuous testing of public expectations and just addressing, and an unceasing journey of democratic consciousness. In particular, the political upheavals seen around the years ending in the number 7 cannot be called a coincidence. These events are the result of the weakness of the state structure, the failure of leadership, and the long-term errors in governance and structure. Its serious analysis and ruthless review are the need of the day.

Another bitter truth of history is that we have repeatedly changed the form of democracy, but we have not been able to provide a result-oriented service delivery, good governance, and a corruption-free society that can be felt in the lives of the people. We have broadened the political scope, but we have not been able to broaden the economic and social scope in the same proportion. Power has been transferred, but ideological renaissance, generational change, and qualitative change have not occurred. With the change of government, culture has changed, and trends have not changed with the change of system. Compared to the expansion of the political scope, the contraction of the economic aspect has become the main obstacle to change. As a result and effect of this failure, Nepal has been facing upheavals and new birth pangs in every decade.

The awakening of freedom of thought sprouted from the 'Makai Parva' of 1977 BS. Although that event seemed small, it created historical courage and inspiration to raise questions against autocracy. Then, between 1987 and 1997, the conception of the first anti-Rana political party called Prachanda Gorkha, the publication of the 'Gorkhali' magazine, the Praja Parishad and the development of revolutionary consciousness took the political movement to ideological heights. The great sacrifices of immortal martyrs like Dashrath Chand, Dharmabhakta Mathema, Gangalal Shrestha, Shukraraj Shastri and others, as well as the sacrifices and struggles of hundreds of other sons, further strengthened the foundation of the Nepali democratic movement.

The People's Revolution of 2007 BS became a decisive turning point in the history of building modern Nepal. It took 104 years for Tuki's ghazal to bring back the state power that had been killed by Jung Bahadur by taking the reins from Queen Rajya Lakshmi on the night of Asoj 2, 1903 BS and putting it on the path of democracy and development. King Tribhuvan also supported the leadership of the Nepali Congress to bring this epochal change to Nepali soil, which led to the emergence of democracy.

But before that historical achievement could be institutionalized, democracy was again imprisoned by the autocratic step of Poush 1, 2017 BS. Nepali society spent the next three decades in the political darkness of oppression, fear, and struggle. However, democracy remained alive in the minds of the people as not only a system of governance but also a faith and a way of life, and the responsibility of protecting the lamp of that faith from many storms fell to the leadership of the Nepali Congress. In 2046-47, the People's Movement, with the involvement of the then Left Front, restored multi-party democracy. The 2047 constitution defined Nepal as a multi-ethnic, multilingual, multicultural nation. It opened the door to civil liberties, freedom of the press, and political competition. In politics, the rights of citizens and in the economic aspect, the rights, freedoms, and justice of the private sector were constitutionally established. But over time, political parties became embroiled in power struggles, and good governance and social justice were forgotten. The need was for the rule of law and democratization everywhere, but instead, hyperpoliticization everywhere. 

The armed conflict from 2052 to a decade, the direct rule of the king in 2059, the joint people's movement of 2062/63, the establishment of the republic, and the constitution issued by the Constituent Assembly in 2072 were historic changes, yet a situation was created in which governance stability could not be achieved. Even great achievements such as federalism, inclusiveness, and republicanism were not implemented due to the weakness of corruption, lawlessness, and impunity, which led to extreme despair, disillusionment, and criminal activities in society. When democracy turned into a party system, party system into a leader system, and leader system into a middleman and gang system, despair, dissatisfaction, and extreme distrust spread among the common people who were gripped by misrule. Against this backdrop, Nepal stands at a crossroads of terrible danger, reaching the recent Gen-G movement. There is despair among the young generation and the common people, distrust in state institutions is increasing, and the sense of belonging to the state is weakening. The country is in the grip of all-round crisis, political distrust, and social unrest. The root cause of this is not just any party, leader, or system, but the long-term lawlessness and corrupt structural consequences.

In such a national environment, the only solution sought through parliamentary elections, face-lifts in the government, or cosmetic reforms will not provide a permanent solution. If a multi-faceted treatment of radical change and reform is not carried out based on an interesting analysis and in-depth research on the agenda carried by the Gen-G movement, the main causes of the movement, its consequences and far-reaching effects, the frustration with the regime, the rebellion of distrust will definitely reach the generation after Gen-G.

Anarchy, loud patronizing speeches, accusations and counter-accusations, dissolution-reestablishment of parliament or repetition of elections alone will not break the vicious cycle of problems that have accumulated for decades and been nurtured by misrule. The problem is deeper than the constitution and system. This is a crisis of political culture, character of governance and accountability. Therefore, what Nepal needs now is visionary thinking, political stability, comprehensive national unity and reconciliation. The recently formed government-level formal dialogue committee is meaningless. In today's situation, a solution is not possible through procrastination or unilateral decisions. Therefore, keeping the sovereign interests of the nation at the center, a round table conference has become necessary with the determination and resolve to rise above the urges, prejudices, and prohibitive tendencies and connect all the national forces of the country - political parties, civil society, intellectuals, youth, women, former civil servants, and independent citizens. It should chart the path to constitutional reform, political stability, and sustainable good governance through dialogue, consensus, and a common vision. A round table conference is not an option for national unity, mutual trust, and a prosperous Nepal, but a resolution of necessity. In order to resolve the complexities of Nepal and resolve the crisis, the main agenda of the all-party round table conference should be political stability, constitutional amendment, good governance and corruption control, economic revival, and communication of trust in the private sector, national unity, and transitional justice.

The process of mutual involvement, joining and breaking, reunification, and equation in new and old parties is a natural political movement. We who belong to different parties are political and ideological competitors. The core ideal of democracy is coexistence. Trying to view competition as an enemy is absolutely the wrong approach. The need for a round table conference is also necessary for mutual understanding to eliminate deprivation among national forces. Therefore, let us build a unified thinking in the code of mutual minimum understanding and unity for the overall national interest. The need for an all-party round table conference for constitutional amendment is necessary in the awareness that the country cannot tolerate and bear the situation of destruction and bloodshed again.

Agenda for Constitutional Amendment After the 7-point agreement of the Congress-UML joint government, I have been raising the need for the formation of a Constitutional Reform Suggestion Commission publicly on several occasions in parliament, party and media forums. It is necessary to form a Constitutional Reform Suggestion Commission consisting of former Chief Justices, constitutional scholars, economists, sociologists and independent persons of national repute and to advance the process of constitutional amendment and structural reforms based on the recommendations of the said commission on certain agendas, with the conclusions and recommendations of the round table conference. To advance the process of constitutional amendment constitutionally, the restoration of the parliament and the formation of an all-party national government and going for general elections may be the best option and a suitable solution for stability.

The 1947 Constitution of India has been amended 106 times in 33 years. The need of the hour is to transform the social dynamics and address the public sentiments. A sustainable political solution for overall national unity is the demand of the nation. The country, which is stuck in a serious economic crisis, has reached a state of distrust, despair and disarray due to political instability after the Gen-G movement. Talent, capital and investors are fleeing. Foreign investment is declining further due to the country being on the international financial monitoring and examination list (grey list) and the extraordinary increase in defense and military budgets by developed countries. Political stability, legal credibility, private sector-friendly policies, good governance and restoration of international trust are essential to resolve the current crisis.

It is necessary to address the entire context of the widespread changes seen in the world situation and the complicated political situation. Otherwise, we cannot be sure that our very existence will not be endangered and a failed state will not arise due to the all-consuming consequences of this vicious cycle. Only 22 km from Nepal. In Bangladesh, which is far away, the uprising of the youth generation and the subsequent clash between power groups have resulted in the killing of innocent citizens, insecurity, fear and division in the society, and the risk of falling into a multi-faceted conflict is increasing.

This process is not for the interests of a particular party, nor is it to ignore or prohibit any party. It should be for the long-term best interests of the nation. For that, it is necessary for all parties to take a selfless national resolution. Revenge, restrictive thinking and negative thinking weaken national unity. Mutual distrust increases, deepens social divisions, deteriorates stability and destroys the investment environment. The purpose of change is not only to gain power and balance power or who will be what, but also to provide stability, security, prosperity and trust in the lives of the people. As long as the citizens do not consider the state as their protector, no system will be sustainable.

During the Gen-G movement, when the state machinery remained inactive for hours and there was a stateless situation, the weakness of Nepal's security and administrative system and leadership seriously damaged public trust in the state, causing a serious loss of public confidence, and the common citizen felt stateless or orphaned. It is imperative to create a situation where such a remote situation will never occur in the future. Nepal should not be allowed to become a laboratory of fruitless disputes, continuous movements and instability, so we must learn from history and our neighbors. The best way to honor the sacrifices of the past is to find permanent solutions to the problems. Only through broad national unity, responsible leadership and people-responsive good governance can Nepal be led on the path of peace, tranquility and prosperity. This is the greatest national responsibility today.