Lumbini is endowed with diverse natural and cultural heritage. Utilization of these assets has the power to reveal the potential of Lumbini Province development. There are precious resources such as climate, forest, mineral elements in this province which includes mountains, hills, interior Madhesh and Terai. Geographical, religious, ethnic and linguistic diversity is present in this province.

Lumbini Province, the place of primitive man in the world civilization, the sacred birthplace of Lord Gautama Buddha, the pioneer of world peace, is revered by the whole world. Located between the two great civilizations of the Karnali and Gandaki rivers, this province has a unique identity in the world in terms of human culture. Proper understanding and utilization of the natural and cultural heritage of this province is necessary for development.

In Lumbini province, there is Putha Himal, 7,246 meters high, from the plains of Terai to Rukum East. In this province, there are about 3 percent of high mountains, 9 percent of high mountains, 32 percent of mid-mountains, 28 percent of Shivalik mountains and 27 and a half percent of Terai Madhesh. Like the geography, the climate is also diverse in this province. Temperate, temperate and hot climates are found here in the state. There is a possibility of mining minerals such as stone, limestone, clay, iron, coal etc. in the province. 

Forest products including wood and herbs can be extracted from the forest area that occupies about half of the geography. Bardia National Park and Dhorpatan Game Reserve can contribute significantly to the development of the park. There is a possibility of irrigation hydropower and hydropower from the water sources in the province.

The archeological remains of Ramapithecus found on the banks of Tinau in Butwal, found in areas including Bangara and Dang, confirm that this province has been a place of migration since prehistoric times. The human race laid the foundation of its culture in the nature of this area, which has a mild climate, cultivated land, forests, and animals. 

In ancient history, the territory of this province was an important site due to the Karnali and Gandaki river civilizations. Especially Karnali and Gandaki listening areas have an important contribution in the expansion of Hindu civilization and ideological formation. Many famous sages like Kapil, Panini, etc. built a center of knowledge, meditation and penance in this area.

In this context, the tradition of building Buddha in ancient Kapilvastu has started. After the creation of many Buddhas, Siddhartha Gautama, who was born in Lumbini 2600 years ago, attained enlightenment and his religion spread throughout the world. Thus Lumbini region is an important area of ​​Hindu and Buddhist civilization. 

There are world heritage sites like Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddhism followed by more than a billion people from all over the world, Tilaurakot Palace and Ramgram Stupa where the Buddha statue is kept in this province. There are many temples of Shaiva, Vaishnava, Shakta etc. in this province.

Siddhababa on the border of Palpa and Rupandehi, Lumbini in Rupandehi, Manimukund Sen Park, Jitgarhi Fort, Parroha Parmeswaradham, Ramgram in Parasi, Triveni, Madarathan and many other parks as well as archeological and tourist spots are here.

Palpa's Tansen Palace, Bhairavasthan, Ranimehal, Gulmi's Reedy, Resunga and other palaces of Gulmi, Dhurkot, Isma, Musikot states are worth seeing. Argha and Khanchi Darbar of Arghakhanchi, Uluchhatra, Supadeurali, Swargadwari of Pyuthan, Khalanga, Airavati, Bhirikot, Gaumukhi and other places have made a tourist identity. 

Putha Himal, Dhorpatan Sikar Reserve, Kamal Lake, Rolpa's Libang, Thabang, Sulichour Ghartigaon and other places are beautiful in East Rukum. Bardia National Park in Bardia, Thakurbaba Dham, Badhaiya and Satkholuwa Lake in Banke have religious and tourist places including Banke National Park, Bageshwari Temple, Jama and Idagaha Mosque. Similarly, Ghorahi, Tulsipur, Bhalubang in Dang as well as Bahrkune Lake, Tilaurakot in Kapilvastu, Jagdishpur Lake, Niglihwa and other places are worth visiting. 

Being a multi-racial settlement, the culture is also diverse. The Magar and Tharu, the main tribes living in this province, have their own distinctive culture. Magar and Tharu have their own language, costumes, customs, fairs and reflect their distinct identity. Both the tribes celebrate some festivals like Dasain and Tihar similarly and others like Maghi in different ways. Tribes like Newar, Gurung, Kumal, Bote also have their own unique culture. 

Dasain, Tihar, Teej, Chhath, Maghi, Shivratri, Phagu and Holi, Chaitedsain, Krishna Janmashtami, Janaipurnima, Ramzan, Christmas are celebrated in this state. Seasonal fairs and fairs are held in this province. Jointly celebrated festivals like Ropainjatra, Sarayanach, Deusibhailo, Teej and Holi have united all the communities.

Magar's Kauda, ​​Sorathi, Ghatu, Newar's Gaijatra, Lakhe, Tharu's Maghauta, Jhamta and other dances, Brahmin and Kshatriya bhajan, Pariyar's Naumati Baja, Gyane's Karkha and other unique cultures are found in this province. Lumbini has developed, intermixed and inclusive culture along with original caste and religion based ones. The intermingling of different communities due to trade, employment and migration has created an inclusive culture.

A wonderful example of cultural harmony, sahabalamvan can be found in this province. Both Muslims and Hindus participate in Madar Baba's fair in West Nawalparasi. Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddhism, is equally revered by Hindus and Buddhists. All the castes including Brahmins and Kshatriyas are treating Magar as priests in many parts of the hilly areas.

The elder Alam Gandharvas take out Argha's coat. In every puja, melajatra and festival, Damais lead by playing instruments. It is customary for Brahmins to take vows and offer sacrifices during the Kulpuja of the goldsmiths of Dhurkot in Gulmi. Innumerable cultural practices have strengthened tolerance, unity and harmony in social diversity.