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On this day (August 12) in 1961, East Germany began building the Berlin Wall. With the end of World War II in 1945, the eastern part of Germany, which was taken over by the Soviet Union, remained a 'satellite' state of the Soviet Union for about four years. Because of this, in 1949, Germany was divided into two states, East and West.
East Germany, which began as a communist regime as a Democratic Republic, adopted a state-controlled economy. West Germany, which was divided by being controlled by Britain, America and France, adopted an open market economy.
Then East Germany built the Berlin Wall to prevent intellectuals and working youth from their country from going to West Germany. Although the wall was put up in 1949, about 3 million people fled East Germany to West Germany.
The Berlin Wall fell on November 9, 1989. Although it was started on November 9, it took a long time to demolish the 155 km long wall. A year after the fall of the wall, the two Germanys were reunified.
