Researchers have found that excessive screen exposure can delay decision-making by the age of 8 and increase anxiety and stress-related symptoms by the age of 13.
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A study by Singaporean researchers has added new scientific basis to the ongoing global debate about children's digital media use.
The long-term study in Singapore followed the brain development and other aspects of 168 children aged 2 to 10. Their brains were also scanned at different stages. The research found that children who spend a lot of time watching screens in the first two years of life had changes in their ability to understand and respond to what they saw, as well as in their neural networks.
Excessive screen time has been linked to delayed decision-making by the age of 8 and increased symptoms of anxiety and stress by the age of 13, researchers said.
According to leading scientists from Singapore's Agency for Science, Technology and Research and the National University of Singapore, infancy is a very sensitive time for brain development. Excessive digital exposure during this stage can prematurely activate some neural pathways instead of promoting balanced brain development. They conclude that while the intense visual and sound stimuli from screens may speed up the development of some neurons, higher-level thinking, self-control and decision-making functions may remain relatively weak.
The results of this study are also consistent with other international research. A study on Chinese children published in JAMA Pediatrics concluded that children who use screens for a long time from a young age have lower IQs and higher emotional stress. Similarly, various research studies have indicated that spending too much screen time during childhood and adolescence increases the risk of internal mental problems such as anxiety and depression.
However, experts say that more research is needed to determine the cause and effect relationship. Recent public health recommendations have been recommending limiting screen time for young children. The latest study has reaffirmed the warning that excessive screen use can have long-term effects at this stage when language, social skills and performance are rapidly developing.
The research also provides practical suggestions for parents. After the age of three, activities such as reading, talking and playing together between parents and children can reduce some of the negative effects of screen use in childhood.
Experts say direct interaction, human contact, and quality time are the foundation of healthy brain development. With screen use increasing rapidly, this study highlights the need for serious discussions among parents, teachers, and policymakers about when and how children should be allowed to use digital devices.
