Nepal's elections have been prosperous in terms of women's participation and representation. The percentage of women candidates in the proportional representation of the House of Representatives is mandatory for parties. There is public pressure to increase the number of women candidates in the direct representation. Around one-third of women's representation in parliament is almost guaranteed. Nepal's presence in public representative offices and the constitutional and legal provisions made to make it possible are considered exemplary for many countries around the world, including its neighbors.

Apart from the conservative tendencies and weaknesses of parties and society, there are no constitutional and legal obstacles for women to participate in politics, become candidates in elections, and gain public trust and become public representatives. Issues such as political awareness, state restructuring, and proportional inclusion that arose during the political movement have played a role in increasing the number of women public representatives. It is necessary to make this more mature and increase women's participation in public representative offices in Nepal.

The first election was held in Nepal on 29 Jestha 2004. In the election held for the Kathmandu Municipality, only men who had reached the age of 21 were allowed to vote. At that time, elections were held in 21 wards as per the same provision. Nowadays, women are not only allowed to vote, but they are also in a family and social situation where they can confidently vote for the candidate of their choice. In some constituencies, women are established as strong candidates. But this is not an achievement achieved all at once. It is the achievement of various movements and the constitutional and legal reforms made in accordance with their essence. It is the result seen while adopting modern norms of democracy. It is the educational access that women are getting and the added ease of political openness available in the country.

Only seven female candidates were victorious in the 205-member House of Representatives formed in 2048. Similarly, 7 and 12 female candidates were victorious in 2051 and 2056 respectively. There was 57 women representation in the 330-member Interim Legislature formed in 2063. Similarly, there were 197 and 176 women representation in the 601-member Constituent Assembly of 2064 and 2070 respectively. Since the 2074 elections, the size of the House of Representatives has remained at 275 members.

It seems that in the House of Representatives of 2074 and 2079, which were formed according to the 2072 constitution, there were 87 and 92 women MPs represented respectively. In 2048, the representation of women in the House of Representatives was around 3 percent, and by 2079, it had reached around 33 percent. This figure of women's presence in parliament is not just a calculation of numbers, but also a significant increase in confidence and belonging to the state.

The trend of parties nominating women as candidates in elections or of women becoming candidates themselves has increased, albeit slightly. Out of a total of 1,345 candidates in 2048, there were 81 women candidates (6.02 percent). By 2079, out of a total of 2,412 candidates, there were 225 women candidates (9.32 percent). In this election, out of a total of 3,406 candidates, there were 388 women candidates (11.4 percent). All these figures are from the direct route. The number of women candidates nominated by parties in the direct route is very low. The five major parties of the dissolved House of Representatives, which have fielded candidates in almost all constituencies in this election, also seem to be liberal on the issue of women candidates.

For example, the Congress has fielded 11, the UML 9, the NCP 8, the RSVP 13 and the RPP 9 female candidates. Therefore, the parties need to be liberal to increase the number of women candidates directly. For that, the parties can adopt a policy to field a certain percentage of women candidates, create collective pressure from women within the party, or make a constitutional or legally binding provision.

A mixed electoral system has been adopted in the Constituent Assembly of 2064 and 2070 and the House of Representatives since 2074. The proportional system under this has played a role in increasing women's representation in parliament. It has also ensured the representation of minorities and other oppressed communities. Therefore, it has become easier to increase the representation of all regions and communities in parliament.

Article 84 (8) of the Constitution states that 'at least one-third of the total number of members elected from each political party representing the federal parliament shall be women'. This provision has forced every party to ensure one-third female representation from its side. However, since the parties also consider this easy, the possibility of women candidates and winning in the direct elections is still weak. Therefore, the parties should increase the number of women candidates in the direct elections in the coming days and reduce their dependence on proportional representation. 

Although women's political participation, candidacy, and representation are increasing comparatively, it is not enough. Because, even today, the number of women voters is low in proportion to the female population. In the 2078 census, the female population is 51.13 percent. But the proportion of women voters is only 48.88 percent. This shows that women are being excluded from registering their names in the voter list for voting.