According to the report recently published by the annual joint publication of the World Bank and UNESCO, Education Finance Watch (EFW-2024), from 2010 to 2022, low-income countries have reported an increase of 2.9 percent to 3.9 percent of GDP in the education sector.

But the same rate was found to have decreased by 0.3 to 0.4 percent during the same period in high-income countries. What can be assessed from this is that the importance of education in less developed countries is becoming known. For this reason, the order of educational budget allocation is increasing in less developed countries .

In the case of Nepal, this educational budget allocation is said to be about 3.5 percent of the gross domestic product . This allocation can be considered satisfactory . The current sixteenth plan of Nepal has also kept this order of educational allocation in its priority area . It is a practice that such allocations trickle down from all three levels of government to the lower levels. There was no need to rely on such trickle down when the government resources at all three levels were complete.

Research and innovation-oriented education

In order to connect the current education system with research and innovation, the government has formulated the 'National Science Technology and Innovation Policy, 2076'. Its basic themes include research-based quality education, innovation in the production sector, institutional restructuring of existing research-oriented institutions in accordance with federalism, and the development of a research-friendly environment. It has been said that Nepal has been investing 0.35 percent of its gross domestic product in scientific research and technology development as per policy provisions.

In order to revive the existing research institutes in the country according to the policy provisions, what concrete steps were taken and how many aspects were implemented in the period of about five years of policy formulation is of particular importance . For this, the government is the first responsible body. On the other hand, it is better to run the program on the concept of public-private partnership rather than only focusing on the government. This develops the habit of being result-oriented with adaptability . Saying this, the government cannot be a silent spectator. 

The order of establishing universities in Nepal is increasing, the graph of the students being admitted is decreasing . The research produced by the academic class of the university has not got a practical space, but the research done by the non-governmental organization in the name of international funding is becoming effective. It has not been long since it was published in 'Kantipur' as news that the university academics who went abroad in the name of research due to lack of space have disappeared abroad. 

Technology-friendly education

No one could have imagined that this information technology developed after the globalization that started in the 1990s would make such a leap. In three decades the era has come from incarta to existing artificial intelligence . Even more, its impact has fallen on the education sector. The government has left no stone unturned to make it timely, but due to the lack of skilled manpower, spiders have put their webs in the ICT labs of many educational institutions .

On the other hand, in the educational institutions of accessible areas with more technological development, when students move the homework assigned to check the ability of students from artificial intelligence (Chat GPT, Gemini, etc.), a question mark has been raised on the ability of the students.

In terms of technology-friendly education practices, the countries of South Asia have not been able to come up to date. What can be assessed from this is that we are very low in terms of technology . But it is obvious that western countries are far ahead in terms of technology practice and use. For this reason, western manpower can be sold anywhere. Maybe - this is also why the high rate of emigration of Nepalis to foreign countries is increasing, which even the government has taken as a problem . In this time of high globalization, it is natural to go abroad. The only difference is that Nepal's departure order is more, arrival order is less. 

Vocational education

Nepal has a long list of technical education. Even in primitive times, work related to this kind of work was done through training. King Prithvi Narayan Shah has divided the castes based on profession, but there is no formal recognition of this. Its development has been further exposed after the establishment of CTEVT in 2045 through Shah, Rana.

The number of students in schools under CTEVT, a fully technical educational institution of Nepal, is almost zero. Currently, this technical education has started to become the second choice for Nepali students. It is understood that its importance has decreased due to old model curriculum, delay in publication of results, difficulty in managing the employment of the produced students .

entrepreneurship in education 

It doesn't matter that entrepreneurship is a staple of basic life. Assuming that through this, the scope of employment opens up and is different. Today's current need is not only investment in business but also development of entrepreneurial society . Singapore is the country that holds the roadmap of development through entrepreneurship, where there has been a transformation even with limited and low resources . There, the government has only acted as a business facilitator. Today, this country has become the first tourist destination for the citizens of the world. Holding this model, Hong Kong, Switzerland etc. countries are moving forward. 

To catch the pace of development through entrepreneurship, it is necessary to have skilled manpower, balanced government support, business or enterprise-oriented policy, geo-political location, risk bearing power, strong and capable leadership . For this, rather than the development of a very high-level thinking, as said in Robert Kiyosaki's famous book "Rich Dad, Poor Dad", a small "idea" is enough for the development and success of entrepreneurial thinking. 

now Melo 

The country is believed to have made a big leap in education development through decentralization after entering the federal system recently. Which is also natural. Under the guise of the existing federalism, if the existing policies and rules are suitably modified and an implementation mechanism can be set up to support research, business, technology, and entrepreneurship accordingly, it can be developed like a style where even a stick does not break and even a snake dies. 

By re-energizing the overall transformation of the education related system, not only the educational sector of the country will be enriched, but also the far-reaching dimensions of the country's strategic importance such as the economic plan, five-year plan, upgrading from the underdeveloped country to the developing country in 2026 etc. will be improved . Also, the whole world knows about our interest in the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations.

Compared to the previous year, this time the economic growth index of the country is also becoming positive, and when the components of education development can be made vibrant, there may be signs of further improvement in the education system .