In 2015, the global community agreed to limit global warming to no more than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels due to rising greenhouse gas emissions. Aim to keep temperature rise below 1.5°C. In which all the party countries committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and becoming carbon neutral by 2050.

This means that after the year 2050, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by human activities will be absorbed or removed by the atmosphere itself, so that it will not have a negative impact on nature and the environment.

After that time, the landmark Paris Agreement was signed with the hope and belief that the Earth would remain carbon neutral. Different models show that a variety of negative impacts could occur if annual temperatures rise above about 1.5 or 2°C.

The most important aspect and weapon to achieve that goal is to improve the behavior of the entire nation and the people of the earth through policy implementation. This has been very difficult to achieve because the current physical aspect of climate change, looking at the existing energy systems developed on Earth, to keep temperatures below about 1.5 degrees Celsius, is seen as a platform and agenda for young people, politicians and activists to mobilize a debate. In other words, if the temperature rises above 1.5 degrees Celsius, the Earth's current 

can make your method look new and fierce. Which will not return to the previous state. But we found that the temperature of 2024 has exceeded the limit of 1.5 degrees Celsius by looking at the data of the World Climate Measuring Centers. In February of this year, the average temperature of the world has reached 1.59 degrees. It is impossible to say what will happen in the future, but the standard set by us has been exceeded at 1.5 degrees Celsius in 2024.

We are already beginning to experience changes in long-term temperature and climate patterns similar to the events predicted by fellow scientists studying climate change and impacts. For example, due to climate change, events that threaten human existence such as storms, cyclones, unstoppable wildfires, droughts, landslides and sea level rise, which are about to affect the existence of the human race. 

On the one hand, global temperatures have increased due to the increase in greenhouse gases due to the consumption of unlimited consumables by mankind. Because of this, we are feeling that we and the earth are insecure. For the past 80 years, we have lived in fear of the detonation of nuclear weapons, as thousands of such nuclear weapons have been deployed. Some are ready to be launched within a minute, while most are ready to hit anywhere on Earth within an hour.

For the past 60 years, some of the major nuclear-armed countries have been capable of destroying the centers of human civilization in a matter of hours. Therefore, today's human race is in a situation where a double-edged sword is kept around its neck. Due to the effect of climate change, the entire human civilization will not be destroyed at once, but with the use of nuclear weapons, a terrible situation will occur in a short time, and the entire human civilization will be damaged.

A nuclear explosion releases large amounts of smoke and dust into the atmosphere. As a result, the temperature of the earth decreases without the sunlight reaching the earth. This process is called 'nuclear winter'. Due to the lack of light, the carbon synthesis (photosynthesis) decreases and the agricultural system is disrupted. As a result, the risk of starvation and spread of disease remains the same. The entire civilization is threatened by the massive changes in the environment. Carl Sagan introduced the theory in the 1980s.

There have been many devastating wars since World War II. This includes wars in Vietnam, Korea, Afghanistan, Ukraine, and many others. In which millions of people have been killed and many have been displaced. Economic, human and physical losses caused by such wars have been estimated. However, studies have also been conducted on water, land and air pollution caused by explosives in such wars. 

Another thing, studies are going to be done about the greenhouse gas emitted from the explosions in the war. How much greenhouse gases are produced from such wars that increase the Earth's temperature? Of what nature are such emissions more generally than those from nations under normal circumstances? Some research is about to come out now.

Currently, the war between Israel and the Palestinians has been ongoing since 7 October 2023. In which more than 45 thousand Palestinians and more than 1200 Israelis died. In 2024, scientists from Ghana, the United Kingdom, and the United States conducted a study of the carbon emissions from the war's explosions.

The study measured emissions during the first 120 days. According to their research, about 420 thousand 265 and 652 thousand 552 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent have been found from the guns, ammunition and bomb explosions in the war.

Similarly, when estimating the carbon emitted during the construction of physical structures before the war and during the reconstruction after the war, it is estimated to be around 476 million 69 thousand 97 and 60 million 14 million 43 thousand 739. That's the amount of carbon emissions from about 135 countries under normal conditions. In this study, they found the amount of carbon emissions during the war and after the war 

has confirmed the calculation of the carbon emissions that will occur until the regeneration is completed. In this way, on the one hand, the use of fossil energy, the use and use of goods and food is being done as a normal business  On the other hand, no important diplomatic work has been done to prevent the effects of greenhouse gases caused by war.

More nuclear weapons are being refined for war at the expense of trillions of dollars. An unfortunate detonation of such weapons could be catastrophic. According to one estimate, more than 2 billion people would die if a nuclear war broke out between India and Pakistan, and more than 5 billion if such a war broke out between the US and Russia.

Disease and long-term effects of radiation on other biological and ecological systems can leave humans and animals without food and become victims of famine. That's why modern humans are trying to develop by standing in the storm of fear created by themselves.

The successes in the development of artificial intelligence, automatic vehicles and machines, automatic machines, semi-machine people and many other fields, despite the leaps and bounds in the lack of cooperation and cooperation with each other and between nations, have become insecure in the circle of doubt. Therefore, to address such important issues, there is a need for diplomatic initiatives to reduce the risk of various types of international and regional conflict and war. 

The current Earth and the human race are going through a very turbulent time. To get rid of this, whether it is the issue of the impact of climate change, whether it is related to war or weapons, whether it is related to nuclear weapons, diplomatic initiatives and exchange of cooperation are needed in all these matters.

On the one hand, agreeing that human existence is in question due to climate change, and participating in the Paris Agreement and the meetings and committees of the party states directed by it, but on the other hand, increasing investment in the cultivation of sophisticated toxic weapons will only push the human race into a black tunnel. Therefore, countries like Nepal should do diplomatic lobbying to reduce and resolve these and such actions through diplomatic talks with elite countries.