Former Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli has been defeated by senior Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) leader Balendra Shah in the much-hyped Jhapa-5 constituency. The final results of the voting held on Thursday were made public on Saturday evening, where Balendra won by a margin of nearly 50,000 votes over Oli.

Oli is not the first former Prime Minister to be defeated in the history of Nepali parliamentary elections, many former Prime Ministers have suffered defeats before. Incumbent Prime Ministers have also been defeated. Elections under the non-partisan Panchayat system are not considered here, only the context of parliamentary elections with multi-party competition is discussed: 

Tanka Prasad Acharya

Tanka Prasad Acharya, who became Prime Minister in Magh 2012, was a candidate from Kathmandu (constituency number 5) in the 2015 elections. At that time, he came fourth. Lochan Shamsher of the United Prajatantra Party, who won the election, received 8,755 votes. Among the defeated candidates, Surya Prasad Upadhyay of the Congress got 5,717 votes, Ranganath Sharma of the Nepal Prajatantra Mahasabha got 3,264 votes, and Tanka Prasad Acharya of the Nepal Praja Parishad got 1,148 votes.

KI Singh

KI Singh, who became Prime Minister in Asad 2014, was defeated in the first general election of 2015. Singh had contested from Doti South (Constituency No. 71) on behalf of the Samyukta Prajatantra Party. However, he came second. The victorious Congress candidate Shivraj Pant got 7,236 votes, while former Prime Minister Singh got only 3,966 votes.

Surya Bahadur Thapa

During the Panchayat period, Surya Bahadur Thapa became the Chairman of the Council of Ministers/Prime Minister from Magh 2021 to Chaitra 2025. Similarly, he also became the Prime Minister from Jestha 2036 to Asad 2040. He also became the Prime Minister in 2054 and 2060 during the multi-party period. He contested elections from different parties during the multi-party era.

In the 2048 election, former Prime Minister Thapa was defeated from Dhankuta-2. In that constituency, UML candidate Gopal Guragain got 17,763 votes, while RPP (Thapa) candidate Thapa got only 8,508 votes. In the 2051 election, Thapa won from Dhankuta but was defeated from Sarlahi-2. Meena Mandal of the Nepali Congress, who won from Sarlahi-2, got 10,795 votes. Rajendra Mahato of the Nepal Sadbhavana Party, who was defeated, got 10,173 votes, and Surya Bahadur Thapa of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, got 9,726 votes.

In 2056, Thapa also won from Dhankuta but was defeated from Sarlahi-2. At that time, Rajendra Mahato of the Nepal Sadbhavana Party had won there. He got 14,750 votes. The defeated RPP's Surya Bahadur Thapa got 13,369 votes. Thapa was defeated in the first Constituent Assembly election, 2064, from Dhankuta. The winner at that time was Hariraj Limbu of the Maoists, who got 12,299 votes. The UML's Dharmaraj Poudel came in second with 11,248 votes, and the Rastriya Janshakti Party's Surya Bahadur Thapa came in third with only 5,432 votes.

Kirtinidhi Bista

Kirtinidhi Bista became the Prime Minister during the Panchayat period. He became the Prime Minister in Chaitra 2025, Baisakh 2028, and Bhadra 2034. He contested a few elections after 2046.

Former Prime Minister Kirtinidhi was a candidate from Kathmandu-3 in the 2051 election. But he came fourth. At that time, UML's Manmohan Adhikari won from that constituency with 15,692 votes. Among those who were defeated, Prakash Man Singh of the Congress got 11,378 votes, Jayakumar Khadka of the Rastriya Prajatantra Party got 4,453 votes, and Kirtinidhi Bista, who was a candidate from the Rastriya Janata Parishad, got 1,180 votes.

Bista had also contested Kathmandu-3 from the Rastriya Janata Parishad in 2056. He was defeated that time too. Ishwor Pokharel of the UML, who was elected at that time, got 15,965 votes. Congress candidate Chiranjivinidhi Tiwari got 14,552 votes, Krishnasundar Malla of the Male Party got 2,829 votes, Ashalal Shrestha of the Nepali Congress Party got 640 votes, and Kirtinidhi Bista got 365 votes. Bista, who came fourth in 2051, came fifth in 2056.

Lokendra Bahadur Chand

Lokendra Bahadur Chand became the Prime Minister in the latter half of the Panchayat system in Asad 2040 and Chaitra 2046. He also became the Prime Minister in 2053 and 2059. He also contested elections during the multi-party era. Former Prime Minister Chand was the candidate from Baitadi in the 2048 election. At that time, he was defeated by Congress candidate Krishna Kumar Joshi. 

Joshi got 11,128 votes, while RPP (Chand) candidate Chand could only get 6,069 votes. In 2056, Chand was defeated in Baitadi itself. At that time, Congress's Narendra Bahadur Bam won in Baitadi-1 with 11,313 votes. UML's Prithviraj Awasti and RPP (Chand)'s Lokendra Bahadur Chand were defeated with 9,901 votes and 7,517 votes.

Marichman Singh Shrestha

Marichman Singh Shrestha, who became Prime Minister in Asad 2043 during the latter half of the Panchayat period, became a candidate from Salyan-2 in the 2048 general election. Congress' Chhabi Prasad Devkota won in that election with 18,268 votes. Similarly, UML's Lalit Kumar Basnet was defeated by 5,365 votes and independent candidate Marichman Singh Shrestha by 5,195 votes.

Krishna Prasad Bhattarai

Krishna Prasad Bhattarai became the Prime Minister of the interim government in Baisakh 2047 after the success of the 2046 People's Movement. Bhattarai himself was defeated in the elections held by his own government in Baisakh 2048. Bhattarai, who was a candidate from Kathmandu-1, was defeated by UML General Secretary Madan Kumar Bhandari. Bhandari got 27,372 votes while Bhattarai got only 26,621 votes.

After the victorious Bhandari died in a car accident, a by-election was held in Kathmandu-1 in Magh 2050. At that time, Bhattarai entered the contest again. Madan's wife, Vidya Bhandari, was in the contest from UML. Bhattarai was defeated again. Bhandari got 1,829 more votes than Bhattarai. 

Pushpa Kamal Dahal

Pushpa Kamal Dahal of the UCPN-M, who became Prime Minister in July 2065, was defeated from Kathmandu-10 in the second Constituent Assembly election held in 2070. The winner there was Rajendra Kumar KC of the Nepali Congress, who got 20,392 votes. Among the defeated candidates, Surendra Manandhar of the UML got 13,619 votes and Pushpa Kamal Dahal of the UCPN-M, got 12,859 votes. He was also a candidate from Siraha-5 and won from there.

Madhav Kumar Nepal

Madhav Kumar Nepal, who became Prime Minister in June 2066, was defeated from Rautahat-1 in this election. The winner in that constituency was the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) candidate Rajesh Kumar Chaudhary. Similarly, Ajay Kumar Gupta of the UML got 10,693 votes,

Anil Kumar Jha of the Nepali Congress got 8,574 votes and Madhav Kumar Nepal of the Nepali Communist Party got 7,669 votes.

Nepal was defeated in two constituencies in the first Constituent Assembly election held in 2064, Kathmandu-2 and Rautahat-6. But at that time, he was not in the position of former Prime Minister. However, he was later able to become Prime Minister by becoming a member of the Constituent Assembly.

Jhalanath Khanal

Jhalanath Khanal, who became Prime Minister in Magh 2067 from UML, was a candidate from Ilam-1 and Sarlahi-1 in the second Constituent Assembly election in 2070. Although he won from Ilam, he was defeated from Sarlahi. At that time, Shambhulal Shrestha of the UCPN-Maoist, who won from Sarlahi-1, received 9,476 votes. The defeated UML candidate Khanal received 8,791 votes.

Khanal was defeated from Ilam-1 in the 2079 election. In this election, he became a candidate from the CPN-Unified Socialist Party. In the election, Mahesh Basnet of UML received 25,753 votes, while former Prime Minister Khanal received 23,089 votes.

Baburam Bhattarai

Baburam Bhattarai, who was elected Prime Minister in Bhadra 2068, contested the 2070 Constituent Assembly elections from two constituencies. He won from Gorkha-1. However, he was defeated from Rupandehi-4. Bishnu Prasad Poudel of UML won in Rupandehi-4. He got 19,577 votes. Similarly, Surya Prasad Pradhan of Nepali Congress got 13,632 votes and Baburam Bhattarai of UCPN-M got 11,934 votes.

KP Sharma Oli

UML Chairman and former Prime Minister Oli, who became Prime Minister four times in Asoj 2072, Falgun 2074, Baisakh 2078 and Asad 2081, has been defeated in Jhapa-5 in this election.