It is mentioned in the public report today that the main reason for the terrible accident of CRJ aircraft of Solar Airlines while flying from Kathmandu to Pokhara on July 9th for sea-check was not the technical problem of the aircraft but the pilot's error.

final report (draft) made public on Friday by the Accident Investigation Commission formed by the Government of Nepal to investigate this incident, stated that during take-off, the pilot raised the front part (nose) of the ship too high, the 'pitch rate' increased and the speed of the ship decreased and the accident occurred due to a 'deep stall'. When the front part of the aircraft is raised more than the accepted standard during flight, it is called 'pitch rate'. In such a situation, the situation where the speed of the ship is reduced and it is stuck in the sky is called 'deep stall'. In the case of 'deep stall', the front part of the ship is raised too much and the air flow in the wings is stopped . Due to this, the ship cannot gain height and starts falling down like a falling stone .

File photos: Angad Dhakal/Kantipur

^{A CRJ aircraft requires a 'pitch rate' of 3 degrees per second during take-off. But on the day of the accident, the 'pitch rate' of that ship reached 5.5 degrees per second in the investigation. Which is written in the report that is excessive . The commission has found that in other flights of this airline company, the aircraft is flying at a 'pitch rate' higher than the specified standard. "When analyzing the old flights of the crashed aircraft and other CRJ-200 aircraft of Solar Airlines, the commission has found that the pilots raise the speed of the aircraft during the flight, usually more than 3 degrees per second. This is a matter of serious concern," the report said.}

According to the data in the flight data recorder (FDR) collected from the scene after the accident, the chief pilot involved in this plane crash raised the plane at a speed of 5.5 degrees per second (rotation speed) during the flight on 11th March 2080. At that time, the air service was saved from a major accident. The Commission has found that the pilots of the crashed 'Nine November-Alpha Mike Echo' flew 18 times from 2023 to 2024 at a high pitch rate.

In all these cases, the ship's lifting speed was above 4 degrees per second, the report said. The highest speed was found to be 5.8 degrees per second in January 2024. In which the previous incident of the pilot involved in the current accident was the second highest rate', the report reads. On the day of the

accident, the co-pilot who was in the role of monitoring the flight (pilot in monitoring) on the other seat of the ship gave a vague response to the captain who was in charge of flying the ship (pilot in flying) after seeing the plane rising at high speed, but the report said that he was able to give a clear instruction to 'reduce the pitch'.

A Canadian 'Bombardier Jet CRJ-200' plane with a capacity of 50 seats of Saury Air, which was on a regular flight, crashed at the Tribhuvan International Airport premises, and 18 people died on the spot . Captain Manisharatna Shakya was rescued alive in the accident. Currently he is grounded. Solar Airlines has also been banned from commercial flights. Out of the 18 who died, 12 were engineers and technicians from Sourya. The flight was done by Shakya who had 6 thousand 185 hours of flying experience.

The ship was destroyed by fire . On that day, the accident also damaged the station and equipment of the Air Dynasty helicopter near the airport . After the 44th day of the accident, the preliminary report was published by the Commission on August 20th.

The report suspected that the imbalance of 'flight weight' was the main reason behind the accident of Solar Airlines . But the final report said that 'flying weight' cannot be considered as the basis of the accident . "The center of gravity (weight center) was not determined in terms of weight distribution", the response said, "There was no clear evidence that the center of gravity was abnormal due to the ship's 'sharp pitch' rate". Before the aircraft leaves the ground, the pilot 'takes off' the aircraft with the help of three types of standard speeds. There are three types of 'V' speed before taking off. There is 'V-One' to stop or continue take-off, 'V-R' speed to raise the plane forward and take-off speed to fly safely even if the engine fails. According to their type, the speed of flight also increases . But the Commission has said that Sourya has been adopting a faulty speed card and has never corrected it. "The use of V-speed which was wrong in the speed card, which was never corrected," the report says, "the operator failed to identify and solve the problem of frequent high pitch rate during take-off". Hastily prepared, highly flammable and dangerous chemical substances have been found in the ship's gallery .

Similarly, the regulatory body Nepal Civil Aviation Authority has shown that the process of granting permission for (non-commercial) flights is not clear, there is a lack of materials to check the speed card on board, there is no strict monitoring and inspection in the process of tying the goods on board, and there is no law to ban non-commercial people on unprofitable flights .

Similarly, Tribhuvan International Airport has been suggested not to keep construction materials at the emergency entrance, to give advanced training and materials to the technicians involved in rescue. The ship, which had not been in flight for 34 days, was being taken to Pokhara that day. But the plane was found to be airworthy. The non-commercial flight of Sourya Airlines flying to Pokhara (flight) crashed within four seconds of leaving the runway. This was the 199th air accident in Nepal in the past 70 years. After the

accident, the government formed a 5-member accident investigation commission under the coordination of the former director general of the Civil Aviation Authority, Ratish Chandra Lal Suman.

After the commission submitted the report regarding the investigation of the accident to the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation, Badri Pandey, the report became public