Justin Trudeau, who has been the Prime Minister of Canada for almost a decade, has resigned from the post. Trudeau became prime minister in November 2015 at the age of 43 with promises to strengthen Canada's economy, make life easier for the middle class and improve the way government is run.

Trudeau, who became Prime Minister from the Liberal Party, was once very popular. Even at diplomatic meetings, fans lined up to take selfies with Trudeau. But in the last few months, he was facing a political struggle. Due to which he was forced to announce his surprise exit . 

Trudeau, who was born in Ottawa, Canada on Christmas Day in 1971, has been a celebrity ever since. The reason for that is to be born as the son of the incumbent Prime Minister. His father, Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the Prime Minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984.

During his reign, Canada achieved important achievements including the establishment of diplomatic relations with China, the defeat of the French separatist movement, constitutional independence from the British Parliament and the new constitution of Canada.

Trudeau, who graduated in literature in 1994 at the age of 23, took a degree in education in 1998. Then he taught at a school in Vancouver for a few years. Later he started postgraduate studies in environmental geography but did not complete it. He also worked at Montreal Radio for a while. 

Trudeau was elected to the Canadian Parliament in 2008 at the age of 36. At that time, he emerged as an opposition within the Liberal Party. In 2010, Trudeau was a vocal critic of citizenship and immigration policies.

In 2012, Trudeau's political image and popularity skyrocketed after defeating karate black belt Conservative Senator Patrick Brazeau in a charity boxing match. The match raised 230,000 US dollars for cancer research.

Trudeau became the leader of the Liberal Party in 2013. His father became Prime Minister for 15 years from the party that has dominated Canadian politics for decades. But after the big ethics scandal in Quebec, the influence of the party was falling . Because of this, three consecutive party leaders could not win the hearts of the voters. 

Trudeau, who took over the leadership of the party in a difficult situation, took the party to a new height in the 2015 election. Trudeau's Liberal Party won 184 seats in the election. In the previous election, the Liberals won a total of 36 seats in the 338-seat parliament. Because of this, he succeeded in becoming the second youngest Prime Minister in the history of Canada.

Trudeau formed the country's first gender-balanced cabinet. He said about that, 'Because this is 2015 .' Trudeau, who promoted himself as a feminist and environmentalist leader, advocated for refugee and indigenous rights. 

During his first term, Trudeau did important work including the establishment of the 'Canada Child Benefit', euthanasia for terminally ill patients, legislation to legalize limited marijuana use, the establishment of an independent advisory board for Senate appointments, and the establishment of a federal carbon tax. 

In addition, the Trudeau government negotiated trade agreements including the Canada-US-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) and the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Likewise, during his tenure, Canada signed the Paris Agreement on climate change.

In 2017, US President Donald Trump temporarily banned citizens of some Muslim-majority countries from traveling to the US and shut down refugee programs. In response, Trudeau wrote a post on social media. 'To those fleeing persecution, terror and war, Canadians will welcome you with confidence . Diversity is our strength,' he wrote . 

That same year, a series of scandals tarnished Trudeau's image. In particular, Trudeau ran into trouble in 2016 after the Ethics Commission found he had broken rules for a luxury free vacation. 

In 2019, Trudeau's reputation was again questioned . The federal ethics commissioner ruled that Trudeau attempted to obstruct, undermine and discredit his former attorney general and former attorney general in connection with a criminal case against SNC-Lavalin, a multinational engineering and construction company. 

However, he was re-elected in the 2019 election. But the Liberal Party lost its majority in the Parliament. The Liberals were reduced to 157 seats. Trudeau was also accused of teasing a journalist in 2000. But he said that  had rejected .

Trudeau calls mid-term elections in 2021 with popularity relatively high. At that time, Trudeau asked to get Canada out of the epidemic and give his party a majority for economic leadership. But he himself won by a narrow margin and the Liberal Party again failed to get a majority. In the election, the Liberal Party won 160 seats. 170 seats are required for government formation.

In 2022, he was in crisis after protestors blocked several border areas with the capital Ottawa, demanding vaccination. Because of this, Trudeau took the rare step of declaring a state of emergency. With the issuance of the order, public gatherings and travel were banned and it became easier for the authorities to restore public order . That further angered Canadian conservatives, who are struggling with rising housing costs and inflation. 

Trudeau's relationship with India has also become strained as he tackles housing costs and high unemployment. His relationship with India soured after he accused 'Indian government agents' of killing a Sikh community leader in British Columbia. 

Last September, tensions between the two countries escalated after Trudeau accused Indian agents of involvement in the murder of a Sikh activist. Relations between the two countries soured last September when Trudeau said he was investigating possible links between India and the killing of prominent Canadian Sikh separatist leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar. India became very angry with Trudeau for denying his involvement in the case.

Canadian officials have said they have evidence that Indian government agents are involved in activities that threaten Canada's national security . The federal Royal Canadian Mounted Police said it found evidence of Indian agents participating in serious criminal activity in Canada.

Last October, Canada ordered six Indian diplomatic and consular employees to leave the country after another allegation came to light. Foreign Affairs Minister Melanie Joly has said that some are being viewed as 'persons of interest' in the Nijjar case.

After the action of the Canadian government, India also ordered six Canadian consular employees to leave the country . "On the pretext of research, it is a deliberate strategy to defame India for political gain," said a statement issued by India's Ministry of External Affairs, rejecting Canada's allegations.

In September of last year, Trudeau lost his grip on power in Canada after the left-leaning New Democratic Party failed to give the Liberals the support they needed to pass the law.

Explaining that, last October, Trudeau said that Canada's immigration policies have been tougher because of difficulties in providing essential services, including health care, as Canada welcomed nearly 3 million people into the country in three years. 

After his Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Chrystia Freeland unexpectedly resigned last December, Trudeau's nearly decade-long rule collapsed . She resigned, citing policy disagreements over how to handle Donald Trump's threat to impose US tariffs on Canadian goods. 

But in recent years, Trudeau's popularity has continued to decline due to rising costs and governance in Canada. Because of this, more than 20 MPs of his party suggested Trudeau to resign. Unfortunately, Trudeau was forced to announce his resignation on Monday.

With Trudeau's resignation, there are also speculations about who will take over the leadership of the Liberal Party . Former Deputy Prime Minister Freeland, Central Bank Governor Mark Carney, Transport Minister Anita Anand, Minister of Exploration, Science and Technology Francois Philippe Champagne, Foreign Minister Melanie Joly and other leaders are ahead in the race for party leader . According to the BBC, Carney is seen as the strongest in the race for party leader.

59-year-old Mark Carney, the former governor of the Bank of Canada and the Bank of England, has made it clear that he is in the running to replace Justin Trudeau as party leader. Trudeau has said he will remain in office until a new leader is elected. 

Previously, Trudeau had said that he had been trying to include Carney as finance minister in his team for a long time. Carney is a supporter of some liberal policies, including a federal carbon tax and climate change. Conservative politicians and critics argue that those policies are an unnecessary financial burden on Canadians.

The leader of the party will become the next Prime Minister of Canada. The incoming prime minister will face the challenge of ending a potential trade war with the US. Donald Trump, who will assume the presidency of the United States from January 20, has announced a 25 percent tax on Canadian goods.