Discrimination is when someone is treated differently based on caste, gender, religion or other factors. Discrimination can be both positive and negative. If a specific provision is made in the law to bring a certain caste, gender, religion or community into the mainstream of the state, that is positive discrimination. Depriving a person of his rights on the basis of the same is negative discrimination.

On May 21, 2063, the government led by Girija Prasad Koirala declared Nepal a nation free from caste discrimination and untouchability by passing a resolution in the restored House of Representatives. This day is considered by the Dalit community as a historic day in which their social justice, human dignity and self-respect were protected. Since then, the Amnepali community has been celebrating the National Day for the Elimination of Caste Discrimination and Untouchability on May 21. Based on the spirit of this proposal, in Article 24 of our constitution, it is stipulated as a fundamental right that no person should be discriminated against in any place on the basis of his origin, caste, caste, community, profession, occupation or physical condition and that a person who commits such an act shall be punished according to law as a serious social criminal. Likewise, the basis of the right to participate in all state bodies mentioned in Article 40 as a fundamental right is the proposal of 21st May 2063. 

There should be no delay in ending caste, gender and any other negative discrimination. These disparities seriously affect human rights, social cohesion and economic development. social 

Harmony is disrupted and economic prosperity is hampered. Without the full participation of all Nepalis, including Dalits, women, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, Nepal's economy cannot reach its potential heights. 

Equality was the main goal of ending the Jahanian Rana rule and establishing democracy. The message of the revolution was that the ruler of the people should be elected by the people and the leader of the people should be elected by the people and not by clan. It was a time when there were different punishments for citizens of the same country even for the same accusation according to their caste. The then Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana was impressed by the Napoleonic Code during his European tour and issued Nepal's first written law, the Civil Code Act 1910. In which the discriminatory provision was mentioned that Dalits were punished more than other castes. There was a strong demand for an immediate end to this matter which has been going on for almost a century. 

 Even though the Universal Declaration of Human Rights had stated in 1948 that everyone should be able to enjoy human rights in a respectful manner without facing discrimination based on religion, race, caste, gender, language, political ideology, birth or anything else, we did not have such a situation here. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Ramaswamy in the neighboring country of India were trying to end untouchability. The creator of the Indian Constitution. Ambedkar fought the necessary political, constitutional and legal battle to end untouchability in India and provided for the end of untouchability through the Constitution of India itself. 

In Nepal, due to lack of democracy, the society was suffering from very backward diseases like caste untouchability and gender discrimination. Because of this, leaders including BP Koirala took up arms. Jahanian ended the Rana rule and opened the doors of democracy. In the year 2009, Koirala, who passed the resolution to eliminate caste discrimination and untouchability in the 5th convention of the Nepali Congress Party, was elected to the government with a two-thirds majority with a progressive agenda such as the abolition of birta, equal vote for all adult Nepalis in elections, replacement of discriminatory laws, and the end of untouchability. pushed After that, many things remained unfinished. Although the regime was successful in killing and imposing autocracy, after realizing that the speed of time and the basic desires of the people could not be stopped, King Mahendra announced the end of caste untouchability by revising the civil law in 2020. In 1971, Nepal ratified the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, which declared Nepal's commitment to the elimination of racial discrimination internationally. 

Although untouchability was declared legally ended, society was rife with poverty and superstition due to illiteracy. It was not possible to remove caste discrimination in that society immediately. After the end of the autocratic Panchayat system, the right to equality was kept as a fundamental right in the constitution made in 2047, which clearly eliminated caste and gender discrimination. Although this provision of the constitution has laid a strong foundation against discrimination by declaring caste discrimination and untouchability as punishable covenants, much work remains to be done. Due to the policy of liberalism taken by the then government, the economic condition of many people improved greatly, so that the discrimination also started to decrease a little compared to before. In order to end untouchability and maintain equality in accordance with the spirit of the 047 constitution, the government led by Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba formed the Neglected, Oppressed and Dalit Class Upliftment Development Committee in 2054, which was an important step. The government led by the then Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba formed the National Dalit Commission and the National Women's Commission in 2058, which are now existing as constitutional bodies.

Interim Constitution 2063 also provided for the right against untouchability and caste discrimination in Article 14 and the Caste and Other Social Untouchability and Discrimination (Crimes and Punishments) Act brought in 2068 for the implementation of this right further discouraged caste discrimination. The Constitution of 2072 has become a milestone for ensuring social justice and the rights of the oppressed class. Our constitution which enumerates right to equality in Article 18, right against untouchability and discrimination in Article 24 and rights of Dalits in Article 40 is the most progressive document till date. The fact that Article 255 places the National Dalit Commission as a constitutional body further confirms this. 

Despite these efforts, today the rate of poverty and illiteracy among Dalits is relatively high. Mukund Nepali's house is burning because of inter-caste marriage, Tulsa Vishwakarma has to face discrimination in the workplace. Because of inter-caste love and supporting it, on 10th June 2077, Navraj Vick and his six friends were brutally murdered in Jajarkot. The Burakumin of the prosperous country of Japan and the Dalits of our neighboring country India are also suffering from serious humiliating crimes like untouchability. It is clear from these scenarios that ending untouchability is not a single-dimensional approach. No matter how economically prosperous a country is or how strong laws try to control such acts, until people become enlightened and civilized, such incidents will continue to happen.