In the midnight of 19th June 2058, an unexpected massacre took place in the royal palace, where all the family members of the then King Birendra Shah were killed. After that, Gyanendra Shah came to take over the throne of the palace. Gyanendra, who became the king due to a tragic murder in the palace, introduced himself as a 'not only visible, but audible king'.

 At the same time, he had demonstrated the will of absolute power. Almost a year after assuming the throne, the House of Representatives was dissolved at midnight on May 8, 2059. Not only that, he dismissed the then Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba as 'incompetent' on October 18th of the same year.

2061 On May 22, Gyanendra again appointed Sher Bahadur Deuba as Prime Minister. Gyanendra unhesitatingly made a person who had already been declared incompetent and dismissed as Prime Minister. However, on January 19th of the same year, Deuba was removed from the post of Prime Minister and took the role of "Chairman of the Council of Ministers". After he started the direct rule, the people's voice or right to speak was taken away, the media's newsroom was censored by deploying the army, citizens who spoke in favor of civil liberties were dragged to jail. 

Due to such extreme autocratic rule of Gyanendra, the people raised the alarm of organized resistance. The people and political parties resisted Gyanendra's apolitical, autocratic and anti-people 'coup'. The then CPN (Maoist) and other political parties agitated for the end of the royal autocracy. Dictator Gyanendra continued to repress the movement in favor of democracy, civil rights and peace. Therefore, a political agreement was reached between the seven political parties and the then rebel CPN (Maoist) to end the autocratic monarchy and a general strike was announced on Chait 24, 2062.

Millions of people took to the streets across the country, the monarchy opened fire on citizens who were fighting for democracy. However, the people resisted the oppression of the autocratic monarchy. Finally, at midnight on 11 Baisakh, 2063, the then King Gyanendra was forced to bow before the people. He was forced to declare that sovereignty or state power had returned to the people. He was not only forced to bow down to the people, but the historical royal power or monarchy itself was overthrown.

The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly on June 15, 2065 declared Nepal a republican country and on June 29, Gyanendra returned the royal palace to the people after holding a press conference. However, there has been a struggle in Nepal for a long time against the feudalism that claims itself as the incarnation of Lord Vishnu. The communist parties of Nepal had raised the agenda of the republic since its inception and in 2042, Ram Raja Prasad Singh started a movement in favor of the republic by exploding bombs in places including Kathmandu and Pokhara.

The then CPN (Maoist) was strongly raising the agenda of the republic, and after 2062, other political parties also made the republic the bottom line of the movement. Not only this, all progressive forces favoring an inclusive and democratic political system were strongly involved in the republican movement. The foundation of the republic thus obtained is not so weak. The republic of Nepal is not in danger if the archaic, right-wing and monarchist forces are trying to raise their heads bit by bit.

Weakness of political leadership 

Not only establishing a new political system, but also political management should be done accordingly. After a great political struggle, Nepal was transformed into a federal democratic republic system. This arrangement is the product of great sacrifices of political parties and people. However, the monarchy, which has been dismissed by the people, tries to raise its head from time to time.

The monarchy continues to try to remember the past of enjoying the labor and sweat of the people and whether it can rise somewhere. As the effective implementation of the federal democratic republic weakens, the political parties deviate from their commitments, the monarchy continues to try to wake up. Because of the irresponsibility of political parties and governments, reactionary forces get an opportunity to maneuver. The current royalist and right-wing power play is also due to the irresponsibility of the main political party. 

After the people's struggle, the Federal Democratic Republic was established, but the political party did not make a clear plan to make it stronger and more effective. With the end of the feudal monarchy, the parties continuously cheated on the hopes and expectations raised in the people. So much so that after the end of the monarchy, the party leadership developed the practice of making themselves kings. Arrogance, arrogance and autocracy prevailed in the party leadership. The party's internal democracy weakened.

On the other hand, the state did not fulfill other commitments along with the restructuring agenda. Creating conditions for the victims of conflict, violence and injustice to live a just and dignified life was not a priority of the parties. The ideas, visions and programs to empower and strengthen the Federal Democratic Republic were not created by the parties. Political leadership could not rise above personal and power interests and a political environment could not be created in which the people could feel the change. It was a betrayal of the people who fought for the republic, the political party must seriously review this matter. 

Due to the irresponsibility of the government and political parties, there is a lot of frustration and anger among the people. The cost of living has become unsustainable. Farmers do not get seeds and fertilizers on time. Farmers produce with pain, middlemen and brokers enjoy. The state continues to stand on the side of middlemen who rob the people. People should be forced to pay bribes to get services. No work is done without extortion or bribe/commission. Education and health are fundamental to citizens but both these areas are extremely expensive. There are no employment opportunities in the country.

To get a job somewhere, you have to know. Not all people have the ability to pay taxes. Every day 2500 people are forced to go abroad in search of employment. Out of those who went for foreign employment, an average of three lakhs enter the country every day. The Nepalese people, doomed to face suffering, difficulties and challenges, expected some changes in their lives with the republic. But neither the government nor the political parties took any steps to avert the crisis of the people. The anger caused by the serious weakness of the state and political leadership has been expressed against the system itself. These are serious political issues, so political solution and management should be done. But the political parties do not seem to be responsible yet. 

Along with the restructuring of the state, the political culture of the republic had to evolve. The political culture of running the state had to be developed. A culture of the state should be created where service is the main responsibility, keeping the people at the center. The party and government should have a detailed strategy and program to punish the corrupt, brokers and middlemen, eliminate socio-cultural discrimination and crime. However, the political character of panchayats and the autocratic monarchy has caused intense dissatisfaction among the people. With the change in the system, the republican culture could not be transformed in the state, government and politics.

This is the party and state power that created the environment in which the system is questioned. Therefore, a serious review of the weaknesses made during the practice of the federal democratic republic must be done. It is not only self-criticism to the people for the weakness of the party and the leadership, but it must show a firm commitment to transform itself. Right-wing politics is becoming dominant all over the world. When the country is weakening, there are attacks on national independence and sovereignty from time to time.

The display of Yogi Adityanath's photo at the Rajawadi procession in the capital is not just a coincidence, it is well-planned. It is a sign of Indian Hindu extremists trying to interfere with the federal democratic republic and secularism by inciting the monarchists. The government and political parties need to seriously resist such intrusive campaigns. 

People's cooperation is an essential condition to strengthen and institutionalize the political system. Therefore, the people should be informed about the reasons for political struggles, revolutions and movements, and the people should be constantly informed about the necessity and justification of the changed system so that the people not only understand, but can constantly question the state and political leadership. Let there be a situation where people can warn about wrong political practices and make them accountable. However, basically, the new generation was not informed about the series of crimes, atrocities and oppression committed by the monarchy for about two and a half hundred years.

The government and the parties did not do the job of explaining the people about the federal democratic republic, its needs and characteristics. Not only this, the story of the struggle and sacrifices for achieving democracy was not explained to the people. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the government and the party to inform the general public about the needs and characteristics of the system brought about through struggle. Due to the weakness of the parties in such important work, anti-republican comments are being made. 

The way forward 

Humans always want progress, society moves forward. Even if the people have to struggle, they fight for a more advanced socio-political system than the present one. They do not fight for the restoration of dynastic monarchy, which has failed in 240 years of trials. This is the opposite of progress and transformation. However, the display of monarchism has given political parties some shock.

It has also provided an opportunity for the republican political parties to self-criticize the shortcomings and frauds of the past and create an action plan to make the federal democratic republic stronger and more popular. Therefore, the way to make the republic more orderly is to move forward by creating a special action plan for socio-economic, political and cultural transformation that will take the country forward. 

The political party should be able to present a political blueprint to change the situation of national independence, economic crisis, extreme unemployment, corruption, and injustice. Politics should be able to communicate hope and progress to the people. The political party must make a commitment to strengthen the federal democratic republic by vowing to be accountable and responsible to the people. The parties must also make a clear vision to strengthen the inclusive and secular state as desired by the oppressed and enslaved communities after the end of