An analysis by researchers at World Weather Attribution (WWA), released in Europe on Tuesday, paints 2025 as a year filled with dangerous extreme weather.
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According to scientists, 2025 has become one of the hottest years in history due to climate change caused by human activities.
For the third consecutive year, temperature increase has been measured at more than 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, scientists have said. The Paris Agreement aimed to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. According to experts, exceeding that limit will pose serious risks to human life, ecology and the global environment.
An analysis by researchers at the World Weather Attribution (WWA), released in Europe on Tuesday, has depicted 2025 as a year full of dangerous extreme weather.
Scientists have concluded that the continued burning of fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal is the main reason for the high global temperature despite the natural cooling conditions like La Nina in the Pacific Ocean.
Frederick Otto, a climate scientist at Imperial College London and co-founder of the WWA, said that unless we quickly and widely stop using fossil fuels, it will be very difficult to meet the 1.5 degree target.
The WWA has classified 157 extreme weather events seen around the world in 2025 as severe, meaning they cause major human casualties, have a large population impact or have led to the declaration of an emergency.
A detailed study of some of these events shows that heat waves have become the deadliest disasters this year, and that such events are many times more likely than in the past due to climate change. Otto said that such heat waves would be almost impossible without human-induced climate change.
This year, a long drought in Greece and Turkey has fueled wildfires, while heavy rains and floods have killed scores in Mexico. Super Typhoon Phong-Wong displaced more than a million people in the Philippines, while monsoon floods and landslides have wreaked havoc in India.
Scientists have warned that such rapid and complex disasters are putting serious strain on the adaptive capacity of many countries.
Meanwhile, the United Nations climate talks in Brazil have ended without a clear plan to move away from fossil fuels. Although more support for climate adaptation has been pledged, implementation is likely to be delayed.
Experts have expressed concern about the uneven progress on climate policy among major powers, including China, Europe and the United States.
According to Andrew Kruszkiewicz, a senior researcher at Columbia University’s Climate School, many parts of the world are seeing unprecedented disasters, which require early warning, new response systems and long-term strategies. In his words, “Despite some progress, the world needs to do more and faster.”
