In the last week of June, it is raining heavily, the sky is saying - I will be stronger. A car climbs up Ramkot, west of the brick-lined, cement-lined Kathmandu Valley. The house was shrinking, the soil was showing form. Some weeds and some trees. Some houses and some roads hide soil. Soil is hardly visible in the city. Even if you see it somewhere, it is not soil, it becomes muddy.

The pitch road ends a little from Bhimdhunga. The rain soaked the soil. Bury the wheel. The car danced. The body shook. My heart sank. At this time, the legs should be more important than the wheels, but the body that grew up in the mud stuck on the wheels and said - go with the car! No modern life.

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Rivers have overflowed, waterfalls have flowed. The mountains are filled with water. The sky is melting. Water drops are flowing towards the ground. The Trishuli river, loaded with mud, has risen as if eager to meet the road. I am thinking about the soil while the soil is showing color. For some time now I have been studying clay. A person who lives on the soil, eats the soil, drinks the soil, rarely thinks about the soil. I may be wrong, because you say - the farmer thinks! However, now there are more companies than farmers. The company thinks about the product, not the soil. The soil now belongs to the company, not the farmer. In the 20th century, the undeveloped capitalist system strengthened the system of keeping land in people's names. The food produced by small farmers is now being produced by big farmers and companies. 

In 1960, an American farmer used to feed 25 people in Sardar, but now one person feeds 129 people. However, there was not only an increase in numbers, but also an increase in profits. Profit is calculated by production, not by the quality of the soil.

Man drinks water, eats food, breathes air but does not drink or eat soil. In particular, he tramples and scrapes the soil. But why does he rarely think about the ground on which he stands? Where does he go after he dies? He doesn't think much about that either. He is busy thinking about heaven or hell. He sees vegetables in the kitchen, but it is the soil that needs to be seen. You see the color of tea, but you have to think about the soil. He mourns the wind, thinks about the water, but does not care for the soil. Why? Does the soil deform? Or not worth thinking about?

Farmland, village-city, Bataghata, bridge-Pulesa everywhere people have either pressed the soil, or dug it, or it has melted it, or it has dissolved it. If not, they injured him by spraying chemicals. Currently, 3.5 million tons of pesticides are applied to the soil by humans. 

However, soil is the last character of the earth. The last one on Earth is 450 million years ago. There are characters here who are not millions, but billions of years old. Man is a character who was born a few million years ago, but even though he came later, he has made a splash. Old characters have been replaced. People have respected all the old and new. 

What happened 45 million years ago and soil was born? Why did the four-and-a-half-billion-year-old earth have to wait four billion years to be coated with clay?

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The car stopped a little beyond Charaundi due to a landslide on the road between Matamya Trishuli of Yemen and Akkere Bhir, which was covered with soil. Looking at the soil and water flowing, I am thinking about the research about soil that I read a few days ago. In 2012, a study was published in Nature Geoscience, in which it is said that soil in particular began to form on Earth only 450 million years ago, when plants emerged. We think that soil is formed when rivers erode bare rocks. However, soil is mainly made by plants. About 450 million years ago, when tiny plants began to take over the land, soil began to form. As the plant kingdom grew, it rapidly consumed the carbon dioxide gas in the air. As the amount of carbon dioxide decreased, the temperature of the earth began to decrease. Snow melting accelerated on the snow-covered earth. Rocks began to loosen, crumble, and plants mixed with them to form soil and control water. The water flowing everywhere began to flow in a certain way and became rivers and streams. More soil was formed by rock fragments and the remains of dead plants. The earth became muddy. More lives flourished. The shape of the earth itself changed. Only after many years of his birth, he became the skin of the earth, i.e. soil. 

The soil was forming at its own pace. Plants, animals, insects were coming and going. However, soil forms slowly, so soil needs time to do its job. In the language of American soil scientist David Montgomery, what is born after the marriage of geology and flora and fauna is soil. Clay soil is formed when rocks are broken down, plants and other animals die and decay. It takes hundreds or even thousands of years for soil to become one inch thick naturally. 

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The river Urlando on one side, the rice found after bursting from the mountain trying to fall on the other - in Mugling. Once there was another name for rice on Prithvi Highway – Mugling, but times have changed now. Muggles don't know. The plate has vegetables, pulses, rice, pickles, greens, chillies, garlic, onions, etc. However, since I started reading about soil, my eyes have changed. I am not seeing rice, pickles, greens or vegetables on the plate, I am seeing soil. Let's say pesticides or urea! Or nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium! However, it has not been long before people know how to enter the soil and cultivate the soil.

soil was very difficult to understand, still not easy. In the Western world from the fifth to the fourteenth century, science did not perform many miracles, because religion became so dominant. There was not much emphasis on the development of science. Even the scientific works that preceded it did not have much continuity because religion overshadowed science. However, the scientific revolution took place in the 15th to 18th centuries. The renaissance of the scientific world took place. 

In the middle of the 16th century, the scientist Bernard Palissy postulated that plants take up all elements from the soil in the form of salts, which he called the Salt Principle. However, it did not get much place. In the 16th and 17th centuries, scientists Van Helmont and Robert Boyle came up with the theory that plants get everything through water and that soil is just the medium, which stood for almost a hundred years. At the beginning of the 18th century, the scientist Alvarecht Thayer came up with the humus theory and asserted that plants get carbon from the soil, not from the air. Science was limited to arguments for a long time because there were no tools for extracting the facts needed to prove an argument. In the old days when science was not a discipline, artists, philosophers all reasoned. Even Leonardo da Vinci, who was amazed by the strangeness of the soil, studied the soil. From 1504 to 1506 he studied the soil by raising plants in pots. Two years later, he said, "We know more about the stars and planets in the sky than soil." Man was ignorant about soil. Something was planted, the fruit was eaten, and it was over. The soil produced grain and the rulers ruled the kingdoms based on it. The backbone of the state was soil. 

Soil has long remained a part of geology. Around the beginning of the 18th century, maps of countries began to be drawn in Europe, including indications of which crops and which species of forest were present. States used to determine taxes based on that. Germany was far ahead in that. Friedrich Fallow, a German tax collector there, named soil science Pedology. Falo was a lawyer by profession, but he had a deep interest in the soil. Although taxation was done based on the quality of soil, there was a widespread understanding that soil is a material that is formed only by breaking or eroding stones, rocks. However, in the middle of the 19th century, some scientists began to argue that soil is not just a thing that is formed by breaking or eroding rocks, but it has its own life, its own characteristics and a process of formation, in which the Russian geologist Vasiliy Dokuchev is at the forefront.

Vasily Dokuchev, born in Russia in 1846, was a geographer. Dokuchev made long studies and said, 'Soil is a mixture of climate, parent material ie rock, slope, time - plant and animal remains. Soil has its own process of formation. It has a life of its own, a characteristic of its own.'' Later his study was established.

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Stomach – soil or food. In any case, when we reached Samthar Sauraha in Chitwan with a full stomach, the heat was gone. Akash was resting for a while or was busy managing the clouds. I am reading a research paper titled "Early knowledge of soil, birth and evolution of soil science" published in "Illusion" in Sauraha. Even the rapti is not in its color, its color is like mud. In particular, soil plays a major role in draining rivers. Soil could hold water, trees could grow, and water could make its way in the form of rivers. Some were able to flow throughout the year, some flowed in the snow and died in the winter. A study says that rivers carry 240 million cubic meters of silt every year from Nepal alone to the Bay of Bengal. In this way, the soil built up over hundreds of years has flowed away, but who cares about the soil here? What about Jabo Mata? Who thinks about soil, water and air in a country that is always in a hurry to form a new government? 

The soil is flowing in Rapti, the government is collapsing in Kathmandu. Landslides are falling on the highway, a new government is being formed in Kathmandu. In the evening, the people who slept watching the scene of landslides in Rapti woke up in the morning hearing the news that two buses were swept away by a landslide in Simaltal, 65 missing. The people lost in the trident were again deprived of listening to the new government's loud speeches in the name of the country and the people. 

However, the leaders don't realize that soil has destroyed not only the government but also the civilizations because the leaders can only think until the next government or until the elections. Dictatorship, monarchy can even think about their sons and grandsons? Soil has built many civilizations and many civilizations have been lost because of soil. About 12,000 years ago, humans stopped roaming the forests when they arrived in Mesopotamia, around present-day Iraq. In many other places different civilizations were forming. However, after seeing an abundance of wild barley and wheat in Mesopotamia, people started farming in the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. There used to be a lot of water, but now the area is very dry.

The era of farming spread everywhere. All over Europe, Arabia, South America, Africa. Civilizations that understood soil lasted longer, those that ignored soil did not. Over-exploited ones had to give up. Those who loved the soil also found the love of the soil. At the beginning of the Mesopotamian civilization, known as the oldest, the Sumerians and Babylonians improved agriculture, making ditches for irrigation. However, during the time of the Sumerians, the production stopped due to the high salt content in the water. That's when the Sumerians were conquered by the Babylonians and began their rule. Later the Babylonians succeeded, too, when extensive mud flows from the adjacent hills filled the canals. They destroyed the trees of the mountains, causing widespread drought. There in Egypt, the fertility of the Nile River was producing a boom for the Egyptians. The Nile River would flood, fill the fields with silt and produce. For a long time the Nile fed them. The flood water did not leach salt from the soil and made the soil fertile. In some places, the soil raised it and in some places it dropped it.

Mata was doing his job. The man himself. Everything was fine. But when man was able to enter the soil and cultivate it, then he began to direct the soil. Haikom began to operate. Soil made the earth different. Man made the soil different. After the

engine was created, people stopped working with their hands and feet. The engine overturned the soil and rolled over. Planted as many crops as possible. On the one hand, the machine is used, on the other side, the chemical is used. Then the clay forgot the rhythm. He became subject to man. The medium for delivering chemicals to crops and vegetables is the soil. The soil stopped making decisions for itself. How to plant crops? When to wear? Not only how much potassium to deliver to the plant? How much nitrogen? How much phosphorus is absorbed? This clay stopped making decisions. Man sat down with calculator, filled jerkin, sprinkled urea. Food was becoming easier, people were also growing.

Humans filled the beggars, but destroyed the world of diversity and strangeness beneath the surface. Beneath our feet lies such a strange ecosystem that it can challenge even our imagination. A fistful of healthy soil contains as many micro-organisms as there are people on earth, i.e. eight billion. But, people are under the foot of the earth, destroy the moment. He has carried his brass, the soil has been seized. Now there are 60 percent of the clay of the world all over the earth is poisonous, damaged. & Nbsp;

people have occupied half for the earth produce their food production, but today are forced 800 million people to stay hungry. Because here is no grain in the soil. The grain becomes money and food only. Anyone who does not have money will see grain, eat. Therefore, the world's 90 percent of grain is occupied by four companies in urban. The clay has now made the soil for such diversity. There is now dominated by four crops on earth - Wheat, pads, corn, and barley. At some point, the four tropics of the earth will occupy half bills of the earth more hectares of the earth. Four crops, four company.

• d • d • Two and BREAK, story-river is standing in the Rampi River, which is probably looking for Charu. Many stayed around. Three are sitting in the next tree, while they are sitting on the ground. The twenty-longing six-learning to fly it is probably teaching to fly. A crocodile is swimming from the sides of the Holding. The sky is cloudy with clouds. Any time can fall. After the drop, the cloud enters the ground, hurry, and moved it to the opening river. In the hotter of the river, the people have made clean, blue swimming ponds. Blue swimming ponds, a coffee and fence on the side of the bull. Tigals of the National Chief National Park, which is forbidden in Cafbabma. & Nbsp;

devastration has increased, due to agriculture. 80 percent of the previous century is for forest forest farming. Lifting of bird species found on earth is a total of 29 percent, the rest of the meat is chickens. If all the mammals are to be adopted, a total of 4 percentage weights are a mammal to be a wild animal. 36 percent of people's and the remaining 60 percent domination and meat are beans. This is that this is either human, so people eat the meat. Wild species were lost. Diversity within the soil has not also been properly has been well. Assessment of crusion crusher!

British author George Menbite has written his previous book 'Rizzisis'. In fact, the biggest environmental problem is in soil. It is not possible to spend soil to move on to the soil. However, some of the sudden people are thinking something new. They are producing food in the air. & Nbsp;

'Manboit' seems to be confident that this technology gives relieved relief. If we can open the world all over the world, not in the field, will make food, not a farmer. Not on the air, not on the air, but in the support of the sun. In nature of paying relief to the land, in nature to give soil. Will people be able to return the diverse earth to return to him? It was found to have a hope, but people are not so generous. The work that is done by

is the work done. According to Finland, Surer, where the micro-organisms eat carbondiaxide, hydrogrances and oxygen, and almost 70 percent of Produced flour. The subtle organisms use a percentage accumulated by farmers, while farmers use water, now it can produce more than five percent of lands consumed by five percent of the ground. Singapore has been allowed to test the Battle of the battered named, that 'Soline'. & Nbsp;

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d • d • While not getting back to the scenes of simonomical paths, we traveled from Chitwan, and rapidly. Bhnance, Bhimfadi, Senean, Senean, again Bhandpati, the hemorrhage, hide. The Lame Bhandru's Pati is becoming Bungala, where it is a slave to sleep. I am sitting in the soil of the ministerialhans. Even if we are not saved by the minister, what technique will make salvation salvation? The story of Finland is shaking me. It doesn't always have to be shocked. News, thoughts are shaken. Does the man get to work on his own rhythm by arguing, the soil of perfumes? Will there be there animals from miusers, from the microscopicles to return to therapat? Should the soil be happy with his old old tenants? & NBSP; I got up and followed the reply from the Ministerialhage. Early since I started studying the soil, I am going to have a need for one of others walking on the body. In the future, many people will walk, but they will not find him. He will eat you, but he will not feel. Because the soil will mix you in yourself, taste will be different. & Nbsp;

has not left this earth with any human or animal or animals. They are only tempted. When they become paddy, sometimes sometimes they. When will the codes become a barley. Never when the baby becomes child. It rotates everything on earth. All living things around all animals, in different form. But, it is only a form of form for breastfeeding. That's the family and even forgetting. The soil is a mystery pack. You can afford, mocking, can, puncture, can, can be able, able, can. & Nbsp;

weak soil, contaminated soil ultimately finally evident. Soil cannot always be unhappy and that people cannot am so uplifting by keeping the soil in the nuttlement. & NBSP;