In the name of land management, the Shah and the Rana distributed thousands of plantations of land arbitrarily, a practice established as 'Birta'. Even the lands around Kathmandu and Madhesh were under Birta. It is Birta who has been exploiting the peasants for centuries. Until 2007, 36.3 percent of the total land in Nepal, i.e. 7 lakh, 80 hectares of land, was under private ownership.

In 2016, the Birta system was abolished and the land had to be paid like a raksar. However, since then, the land dispute between the farmers and the Birtawals who are plowing the land continues. Kantipur is serializing the stories of farmers from Rasuwa and Nuwakot, where the most problems have been reported.

Some part of Nuwakot-Rasuwa, wet with farmers' sweat, is under the control of Bhoomi Birtawal. According to Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation Balram Adhikari, after the abolition of birta, the Birtawal of Tathabatha gave the dry pakho to the farmers and took the red part of the cultivated fields themselves. He says, 'Government is with the farmers, they will get red parts on the basis of shareholding.' Talk by :

It was seen during the field reporting done by 'Kantipur' - there is a terrible problem of unclaimed land in Rasuwa-Nuwakot. You also went to the field and heard the problems of the suffering farmers. What is the suffering of the victim?  Rasuwa-Nuwakot still has remains of Birta. Some other districts also have this problem. Birta was abolished in 2016. It was common knowledge that there is no more. But, no. In Rasuwa-Nuwakot, the farmers are in the form of sharecroppers, the land is in the name of the farmer. So I went to the field and came back after understanding the problem. Farmers have been plowing the land for generations, but are suffering from lack of supplies. After the abolition of birta, some birtawals have given pakho-pakho land to Jotaha farmers, and have taken away the well-produced fields themselves. The Birtawals are from outside the district, some local people have also bought the land without the knowledge of the farmers. When the new landowners went to the village and started pressurizing the farmers saying, "Why don't you buy the land, or leave it?", the farmers are panicking. And, after the farmers reprimanded them saying, 'This is our land, will you come to weed it?' Some Birtawal sold the land without knowing the farmer, now how to bring such land in the name of the farmer? At the beginning, the ministry is discussing the issue of amending the regulations and taking applications from Jotaha farmers who are facing all kinds of problems. After the regulation is amended, the customs office issues a notification for applications. Since 2049, if someone has passed on Birta land, it is illegal under the law. If there is a case in the court, it will be according to what the court says. Even if Birtawal had registered the land before 2049, the matter of not giving it to the farmer is not legal. The land has been registered, but Birtawal does not know his land, he does not know the boundaries. The law itself may have to be changed in such a matter. We should proceed in such a way that justice is done to the farmers by making some method. 

Even 65 years after the abolition of Birta, why has the government not shown interest in solving such a big problem?  After the elimination of

, everyone said that the problem is over. Those who are aware of the problems of the farmers will find a quick solution. A row has been gnawing at Jotaha, who never wants a solution. The goal of change was not yesterday's routine. Therefore, the people's problems were not solved, the nation was not progressed. Even now, if we keep yesterday's problem, when and how will it be solved? So we have to find a solution. I have initiated the resolution process. 

After you returned after seeing the tears of Rasuwa-Nuwakot farmers, what initiatives did the ministry take to end this problem? After the

, the ministry has taken two/three steps forward to solve the problem. First, we tried to solve it by ordinance. However, this is a serious and old problem, it was suggested that we proceed through the Act. Secondly, if someone has registered land after 2049, we have started the process of revising the regulations to cancel it. We are opening a petition so that the farmers can now register the lands plowed by farmers, but no one has registered them in their name.

The regulation will be passed in the cabinet in the next few days. How many farmers will get land when solving this problem? We will look at that and we will do more by looking at the laws, regulations and laws for those who are left with unclaimed land. We will also look into that way to see if we can facilitate with those in whose name the land has been registered. We are determined that the Birta problem should not remain, it should end. 

Then, what prevented the land rights to the victims by bringing a strong law? 

What is the problem with us, when we start doing something, voices of opposition come. When trying to solve the problems that have been going on for generations, there is no feeling of 'the government started doing good work, now let's help'. It has been heard here that even when trying to register land for farmers by bringing an ordinance, there was opposition. Even when the protestors were in the government, the farmers complained, why was it not resolved? Now the Prime Minister has directed to make 11 new laws. We are also drafting the Land Act. We are implementing the Land Act 2021, Land (Survey) Act 2019. However, this did not solve the problem of the people. Now the Land Act 2081 should be brought to a state.

The Parliament session has started, will you ensure that the law of Birta solution is brought from this session? 

We are in favor of making a new land law and moving forward. There may be some delay in our parliamentary process. This problem has been going on for generations, and since it has to be solved, it could not be included in the Ordinance just by suggesting that we bring some strong laws from the Parliament. It is also our advice to approach this problem methodically. We seek its legal solution through the Act. 

You brought the ordinance, but there was also an accusation that the government did not touch the farmers' issue? 

This is just about the antagonist. We are trying to solve the problems of farmers. We are trying to make some amendments and some new ones by studying the law together. There are some villages and towns that have been inhabited since the beginning of settlement, which have neither registered nor Lalpurja yet. People have been living there for generations, but Gaucharan is written in the field book, haat-ghat is written, but the settlement is settled, the road is written, the city is settled. It is very inconsistent.

The law has been amended through an ordinance to solve these problems. Landless Dalits and landless squatters live in such lands. Those settlements are also traditional, but because they are written as Baaham-Bitauli, Gaucharan, there is a problem in registration, nor can the people living in such places be removed. We have tried to give land to the victims of such problems. Some points of these problems are covered in the recent ordinance.  The

ordinance has not only been opposed, it has also been praised. Those who are protesting now also promised to give Lalpurja when asking for votes yesterday. They could not give Lalpurja when they were in government earlier. So this protest has no merit. People can write these tomorrow. That's why we are working round the clock to solve people's problems. 

According to economic historian Maheshchandra Regmi's book 'Land Tenor and Taxation in Nepal', 780,000 hectares of land in Nepal was under Bhirta till 2007. After the abolition of Birta in 2016, Birta was abolished in other parts of the country, but why did it remain in Rasuwa-Nuwakot?

Yes, there was a lot of land in the past. The elimination of 016 ended in most places. However, we found that there are still some left in Rasuwa-Nuwakot. At that time there was no easy access to information and communication like it is now. So the farmer did not know. They didn't even go to plead that we are left. Another was the state of fear at that time. One could not talk about the elders. Those who had Birta, even when they registered in the name of relatives, no one objected. There was no way to protest. And, I thought that we are getting food for the farmers as well. The land was with them. I also hoped that it would be found sometime later. 

It was not possible to speak in front of the chief. However, it was also seen that some people who read and understood passed the land in their name. Consciousness also worked in this. Where the level of awareness was good, people solved their problems. Where the level of consciousness was weak, they were afraid to speak, they could not even seek rights and rights. The rest remained there. Due to various reasons, we found that there are still remaining in those areas.

What do you want to address to the oppressed farmers through this interview? 

Abolition of Birta means giving the Birta land to the farmers. However, Birtawal kept it in his name by deception and conspiracy. This is sheer fraud. In some places, the plowman had to pay the kut/pot. The receipt of that payment is with the farmer. Don't worry about 'land not coming in our name', to solve such problems we will take Birta Regulations Cabinet and decide and proceed with the process. If that happens, farmers can get Lalpurja in their own name by submitting an application. And we will solve all the remaining problems by making a law, the government is with the farmers. Farmers get rights based on tenure. 

If so, are the farmers sure of getting red parts now? During your term, the suffering farmers will get red parts? 

We are going to amend the law to give red parts to the farmers. We are working to make the people the owners of the land. If a person is the owner of land, or if they have children, they buy and sell land in their own name, do business, keep mortgages, and operate businesses. Other people are fighting for their land ownership all their lives. Therefore, I believe that there are no two types of people in the same country, the oppressed and the oppressed. 

Either we should be able to make all the land government. If not, land and ownership should be given to the landless. This government is working seriously to solve the problem. We work to ensure that all people have rights, ownership of land. We will free the landless people from this problem forever by making them land owners. I will solve this problem within a year, which you will see directly. 

Since you became the Minister of Land Management, what are the main tasks the ministry is doing in the field of land reform? 

Efforts are being made to solve the problem of landless Dalits, landless squatters and unsettled residents. When the government pays attention to solving this problem, the problems of the people will also be solved, and the revenue of the state will also increase. The Federal Land Use Council has been formed and the land use management is also being done. Napi started with us from the year 2021. At that time, it was also customary for the settlements to be integrated and live in clusters.

People used to stay in one place due to different security perspectives. Such villages and settlements were kept as one village and measured and made into village-blocks. That land was not measured at that time. Because it was customary to measure with a tape, there was a possibility of claiming each other and fighting. There were also disputes in some places. That is why many villages were kept in village-blocks. Farmland was measured according to the customs. These village-block residents have not received Lalpurja yet. We have instructed surveying offices to measure where these problems exist and this campaign has proceeded. In the meantime, we have distributed food supplies to around 2,500 families in Rupandehima-Kapilvastu. Now we are distributing Lalpurja to many families in a few days. This will also solve the problems of the landless.

Another, there is also the problem of Baahal-Bitauli land. Since it was distributed with the Baasha, its name was Baasha-Bitauli . This problem is more in border market areas. This is the problem of resettlement in the border area. Earlier, the customs office used to collect taxes from them. Later the village was taken over by the panchayat and then by the municipality. We have asked the surveyors and the property owners to look at where the taxes are located and make them red parts. However, there is no agreement to give land in the place where the tax is restored.

The problem in the market area of ​​Dharan Bazar, Biratnagarlagaya also had to be aired. If these problems are not solved, people will face problems and the state will not get revenue. These areas are not even new settlements. To solve all these problems, we have proceeded by making laws. Another is that some families have been landless for generations. Dalits especially the Musahar family have not owned and had access to land for generations. Attachments are sitting in a cornerstone. They should also have to pay land. The problem of unorganized settlement is also the same. The government has launched a working process that he has laid the work in the

-BREAD. For this, I have already started working by making a land problem solution to this. We have also made some arrangements for uging a few difficult ordinance. & Nbsp;

is said to be a forest where to be populated in the year 0221. Wann did not make a map of it then. All the forests have been left for the drafting. There, in 2025 BS, there was a forest on the map of the place, but on the map of the place. Such places have a settlement, the city-market is a school-college. There are all the roads and loss. Now we can't overcome these settlements. Therefore, we have started managing each other once in such areas. & Nbsp;

now will do the land of solving most of the problem with the land, for which we have already formed the commission in the district district. The campaigning of main work redworesvaviusavi, protecting their homes, has led to an informal resolution, and revenue in the state system. & Nbsp;

is also complaints that the Repub republican government did not do the Republical Governor of the Agreement to Go Mahendra, the Thaderind's Mahirenda, the Thaderind's land.

lands are also connected to the extension. He also belonged to the subject that would be to keep the land. There is still a limitation of extremination. There is a provision to be able to place land until 11 points. However, there are complaints that they did not reach land to business, opening form, to develop industry. They have been made the practice of giving land in Lies to solve problems. Someone can buy money by renting land, no farm can take the land for a farm but should work according to the objective. No one can be able to sell the land of extremism. & Nbsp;

, according to you, the land reform has become irrelevant in Nepal, or what? Not the case of

lands are irrelevant we are working on the cases. Now is one of how to go. The question connected to land are very much. The ground went through a small piece. The question is how to protect the land. The question is equally rising that the lands are to be integrated. The wheel is coming to the ground and farming. The problem is also the cause of personal ownership.

is that this land is my stand. There is a man stronger than the government in the case of the land. It will also have to make it a method. The plight act has been applied. All local levels are planning the land of the area in the same area. There is also a committee at the national level. It will plan the ground management and use, government and public land will manage the record of government and public land. Statistics will also update. The protection plan of land to protect is also the protection plan. & Nbsp; How have you studied

Nepal's Land Problems? How to deal with it? & Nbsp;

Land problem is a complex problem. We have a good idea to make the laws, complying. There is a state of the rules made for the solution to the piles. The government will also need to be planted to attract the mide of the mountain. If a government is to ask where people are sitting there, they have been challenging to resolve the problem of land. & Nbspa; The problem of land will not be resolved, will be completely resolved, to end the problem of land. We have tried to move forward by adopting discussions and methods.

became many commission in Nepal to end the problem, but the problem is the same. What is your answer in this comment if we are repeated Commissions of Anti-Anti-A Commission Commission required, "we say '? The

commission, but could not be solved without the will of the commission, not the will of those who lived, not the will of those who were led by the commission, but not to solve the problem of land. It is not the case in some time, even because they have no law effective. On the other hand, another problem that does not make the commission but not to work even if not allow it is not possible. & Nbsp;

2046 Sale after the change, the government also became the case. The government was formed, he continued to build and molding the land commission. In constant, the result could not work as the commission was not allowed to work. However, the Lumsali commission made up of some landless families made up of 20511 BS. That was 60/65,000 families received a redity. The commissions of Nepal did not even get enough legal right. We are now concluding the Commission we have formed now formed the final commission and resolve the problem of land by making the last commission. We have made legal arrangements in the same way. & Nbsp.

real squatters have said that they should guarantee accommodation in the constitution, we are working on their management. Which has a little one of the land, but there are those who are going to the squatters. There is no critical to give the ground in their current. If the government has not been income from such land, such family buys the land where Such a government has been living with the government. Giving free in the case of squatters, such disorganized settlements receive only registers to register the government by the government. If you have considered more than somewhere, the government can bring such land in its name. & Nbsp;

said that you are often 'very serious about the land problem' said. So let's say, how long will I Ola? & Nbsp; The new land Act is considered necessary to solve the problem with

land. It has been tried and started. It can be brought to a dispatch. It has not been properly managed. There are different geography, scattered settlements. That is why the problem is also different. It seems that the production production is to set and manage a certain place to settle down and manage the production of the settlement. Now it goes the attention of the government. If the state has taken the process of planning this-based development in the past, this problem would not have been left. Now the government will have to move forward with a slight outset to reconcile issues that have been deteriorating since the past. For this we will bring integrated Land Act as soon as possible. & Nbsp;

the ordinance brought by the government and some of the lands in the Intermediate field and the forest area, where landless and unorganized settlement is inhabited. Why not said, 'Explain clearly! & NBSP;

'Forest' means not to tell the park. We mean that the record of the record, and let us not be a forest, and for a long time. It means that the forest area, which has a forest area, the forest, and a forest of being buried. The first thing should be set aside by the dragix that it is the forest. Therefore, after the measure of the place where the victim is traveled, it is to bring the government in the name of the government. The name of the government is separated from the forest and then it is not to register once. It is brought this provision for long-term solutions since it comes to the day that lasts living alone after the government brought.