My educational journey from a community school in Thabang to Harvard was not determined by textbooks alone. Its foundation was laid in my free playtime as a child. The most important steps in my life were based on the agreements exchanged with the flow of the river while shepherding and the rituals played in the village. The success of the national swimming competition and the in-depth study of various dimensions of society are the results of such free playtime.

However, for many children of the current generation, this experience of mine has become a legend. Most children's play is limited to the backyard. Moreover, children from families who have migrated in search of opportunities and settled in the rooms of narrow streets of the city do not have access to open playgrounds. Some children from families where both parents have to go out to work due to financial constraints are confined to their rooms due to the unsafe environment outside the home. And, they are forced to completely move their games online. Nepal's children are losing both physical and mental 'space'.

One of the main weaknesses of modern urban planning is that we have never seen children as independent citizens. We have limited them to a group dependent on their parents. That is why the needs of children have always been overlooked in policy terms while designing our structures. The recently passed National Urban Policy, 2081, has not specified minimum standards for safe play areas.

Due to rapid and unplanned urbanization, the area occupied by physical structures in Kathmandu increased by about 412 percent between 1989 and 2016. Currently, there is only about 0.25 square meters of open space available per capita in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. This means that every Kathmandu resident has only one square meter of open space. This is much less than the minimum of 9 square meters recommended by the World Health Organization. Other cities in Nepal are also slowly moving towards this format.

Even children in villages, which have adequate playgrounds compared to cities, are no longer deprived of the trend of moving their playgrounds online. There is a competition to make social networks and ‘online games’ addictive in a planned manner. In this case, recently, courts in California and New Mexico in the US have also given historic verdicts of millions of dollars in fines and compensation to companies like ‘Meta’ and ‘YouTube’. Where can children who cannot recognize the fine line between usefulness and addiction get the strength to resist this planned competition? These days, bright eyes that observe the environment around them, young minds trying to understand the world, and small creative hands are stuck on the phone screen.

Free playtime and necessary supervision on the internet are the cornerstones of children's all-round development. Looking back at myself, learning to swim in a river with friends was a social internship. Those who could lift heavy stones used to roll stones. Those who could climb trees would bring apples. Those who knew how would take stones and apples and build a dam that would not be washed away by the flow of the river. How deep and how wide do you need? There would be discussions. They would try to sharpen their stunts by learning from others. There would be an assessment of what they learned, taught, and did not teach. They would find friends who would do risky stunts. They would also find brothers and sisters who would hold their ears while doing risky stunts. They would also find spectators who would encourage them to do risky stunts. Without realizing it, through those jumping jacks, we were looking at the collective cooperation in society in a mirror.

Calling free play the social internship of children is not just a slogan that has been etched in my memory, but also a fact proven by scientific thought. Children play these games under social internship face to face. Children determine the structure, dignity, content and purpose of the game - all in their own autonomy. World-renowned psychologist Jonathan Haidt has drawn attention to the declining opportunities for such direct social internships worldwide in his book 'The Anxious Generation'.

In Thabang, where rapid and disorderly urbanization is taking place, swimming pools built by children are rarely seen nowadays. The traces of pottery shacks in the courtyards are decreasing. This face of Thabang is a miniature version of villages and cities across the country. These changes are not the fault of children, but rather the result of our failures. Our biggest responsibility today is to create a safe environment for children to play and learn in.

To fulfill this responsibility, our policies and priorities should be focused on the overall welfare of children. It can start not with big announcements, but with small but meaningful changes in our surroundings. Children can be given priority in existing common open spaces by eliminating the tendency to regularly encroach on unauthorized parking, parties, political programs or other play spaces and time. In addition, traffic management in the surrounding areas should be tightened by ensuring regular cleaning, drinking water provision and safe fencing in such public spaces. In this way, 'one ward, one child-friendly open space' is possible within a year.

Let's talk about Kathmandu in the context of Kathmandu. The strong network of past parties, pauwas, choks and bahas was child-friendly. We can revive such structures according to modern needs, while adapting to Nepali culture and local climate. This can be easily started from the ward or municipality level. However, building large infrastructure in the dense cities of Nepal, which have undergone unplanned urbanization, is certainly challenging. Nevertheless, there is ample potential to develop riverside corridors, historical squares, and remaining public lands as ‘pocket parks’. In some places, we have examples of such commendable work that has already begun. Therefore, a policy commitment should be made to ensure access to green parks within a 15-minute walk from every citizen’s home. And, it should be implemented and maintained compulsorily within the next five years.

Similarly, balanced and conscious monitoring of internet use is necessary during the most sensitive years of children. For this, it is imperative to educate and make parents aware of technological tools such as ‘parental control’. Technology companies should also be held accountable for creating simple mechanisms that the average Nepali parent can easily understand and use. Some children can easily learn the skills to circumvent such technical controls. Therefore, it is more effective to mold internet use into a ‘routine’ of a certain time. Children will be able to use their time and attention that is not captured by the internet in creative play and art.